Shifts in Composition and Activity of Oral Biofilms After Fluoride Exposure
Shifts in Composition and Activity of Oral Biofilms After Fluoride Exposure
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-020-01531-8
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发表时间：
2020-06-11
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Mira, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lopez-Lopez, A.;Mira, A.
口腔疾病是由常驻菌群生态失衡引起的生物膜介导的疾病。其中，龋齿（蛀牙）被认为是世界范围内最常见的疾病，而刷牙是最普遍的预防策略，它可以物理地消除口腔生物膜。虽然氟化物可以提高牙釉质对酸性pH值的抵抗力，促进牙齿再矿化，但其对生物膜细菌群落组成和代谢的影响尚不完全清楚。我们已经在体外培养口腔生物膜，并使用16S rRNA Illumina测序来研究氟化物对DNA和rna为基础的细菌种群的影响。此外，还进行了一种偏转录组学方法，其中对总RNA进行测序，以研究500 ppm氟化钠存在/不存在情况下的基因表达谱。我们的数据显示，氟暴露后，pH值下降较低，总细菌和代谢活性细菌组成明显变化。口腔链球菌是受影响最严重的物种，其DNA和RNA样品减少了10倍，而粘液菌的DNA数量增加了8倍。RNA和DNA样本分别增加了4倍和5倍。亚转录组表明，氟暴露导致糖代谢急剧关闭，包括不同糖转运蛋白、聚焦酶和丙酮酸氧化酶等显著表达不足。因此，氟化物对糖分解生物的减少和对糖发酵途径的抑制可能被认为是含氟口腔卫生产品有益效果的工具。
Oral diseases are biofilm-mediated diseases caused by imbalances in the ecology of resident microflora. Among them, dental caries (tooth decay) is considered the most common disease worldwide, and toothbrushing, which physically eliminates the oral biofilm, is the most widespread prevention strategy. Although it is well established that fluoride increases enamel resistance to acidic pH and promotes tooth remineralization, its effect on the biofilm bacterial communities' composition and metabolism is not fully understood. We have grown in vitro oral biofilms and used 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing to study the effect of fluoride on DNA- and RNA-based bacterial populations. In addition, a metatranscriptomic approach has also been performed, in which total RNA has been sequenced to study gene expression profiles in the presence/absence of 500 ppm sodium fluoride. Our data show a lower pH drop and a clear shift in total and metabolically active bacterial composition after fluoride exposure.Streptococcus oraliswas the species most affected, with a 10-fold reduction in both DNA and RNA samples, whereasRothia mucilaginosaunderwent an 8-fold increase in the DNA andS. salivariusa 4- and 5-fold increase in the RNA and DNA samples, respectively. The metatranscriptomes indicated that fluoride exposure induced a dramatic shutdown of sugar metabolism, including significant under-expression of different sugar transporters, fucosidases, and a pyruvate oxidase, among others. The reduction in saccharolytic organisms and the inhibition of sugar fermentation pathways by fluoride may therefore be considered instrumental for the beneficial effect of fluoride-containing oral hygiene products.