Structural snapshots of R-loop formation by a type I-C CRISPR Cascade.

Structural snapshots of R-loop formation by a type I-C CRISPR Cascade.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2023.01.024
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发表时间:
2023-03-02
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Taylor, David W.
Taylor, David W.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
O'Brien, Roisin E.;Bravo, Jack P. K.;Ramos, Delisa;Hibshman, Grace N.;Wright, Jacquelyn T.;Taylor, David W.

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I型CRISPR-Cas系统采用多亚基级联效应复合物靶向外来核酸以进行破坏。在这里,我们介绍了D. vulgaris type I-C Cascade在双链(ds)DNA靶捕获的各个阶段的变化,揭示了支持PAM识别和Cascade变构激活的机制。我们发现了一个有趣的机制,非目标链(NTS)DNA稳定通过堆叠与“腹部”亚基的相互作用,确保NTS的位置。这种“分子安全带”机制促进了有效的R环形成并防止dsDNA再退火。此外,我们提供了关于两种抗CRISPR(Acr)蛋白如何利用不同策略通过阻断PAM扫描来实现I-C型级联抑制的共享机制的结构见解。这些观察结果形成了定向R环形成的结构基础,并揭示了不同的Acr蛋白如何汇聚在共同的分子机制上,以有效地关闭CRISPR免疫。奥布莱恩(O 'Brien)等人显示了I-C型CRISPR-级联复合物如何选择性地识别和解旋DNA靶标,以及如何通过芳香族夹残基稳定被逐出的非靶标链。此外,揭示了两种不同的抗CRISPR蛋白靶向这一过程的机制。
Type I CRISPR-Cas systems employ multi-subunit Cascade effector complexes to target foreign nucleic acids for destruction. Here, we present structures of D. vulgaris type I-C Cascade at various stages of double-stranded (ds)DNA target capture, revealing mechanisms that underpin PAM recognition and Cascade allosteric activation. We uncover an interesting mechanism of non-target strand (NTS) DNA stabilization via stacking interactions with the “belly” subunits, securing the NTS in place. This “molecular seatbelt” mechanism facilitates efficient R-loop formation and prevents dsDNA reannealing. Additionally, we provide structural insights into how two anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins utilize distinct strategies to achieve a shared mechanism of type I-C Cascade inhibition by blocking PAM scanning. These observations form a structural basis for directional R-loop formation and reveal how different Acr proteins have converged upon common molecular mechanisms to efficiently shut down CRISPR immunity. O’Brien et al. show how the type I-C CRISPR-Cascade complex selectively recognizes and unwinds DNA targets, and how the evicted non-target strand is stabilized via aromatic clamp residues. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which two distinct anti-CRISPR proteins target this process is revealed.
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