Cryopreservation and Revival of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Cryopreservation and Revival of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-60761-999-4_13
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kastrup, Jens
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文献类型：
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作者：
Haack-Sorensen, Mandana;Kastrup, Jens
过去几年，临床前干细胞研究的步伐令人惊叹，成体干细胞已成为研究热点。由于存在有希望的临床前数据支持，干细胞再生治疗各种疾病的人体临床试验已经启动。由于通过随机临床安全性和有效性试验已有使用骨髓干细胞治疗血液恶性肿瘤和缺血性心脏病的先例，基于培养扩增的人间充质基质细胞（MSC）的新疗法的开发为细胞治疗开辟了新的可能性。为了促进这些应用，MSC的冷冻保存和长期储存变得绝对必要。因此，冷冻保存方案的优化绝对至关重要。细胞冷冻保存过程中的主要挑战是与冷却和解冻过程相关的致死性。主要目标是最大限度地减少低温冷冻和储存期间对细胞的损害以及使用合适的冷冻保护剂。通过控制冷却速率、使用更好的冷冻保护剂、维持适当的储存温度以及控制细胞解冻速率，可以最大限度地减少细胞冷冻保存的不利影响。如本章所述，人类 MSC 可以冷冻在冷冻瓶中，也可以与含有二甲基亚砜 (DMSO) 的冷冻保存溶液一起冷冻在冷冻袋中。
Over the past few years, the pace of preclinical stem cell research is astonishing and adult stem cells have become the subject of intense research. Due to the presence of promising supporting preclinical data, human clinical trials tor stem cell regenerative treatment of various diseases have been initiated. As there has been a precedent for the use of bone marrow stem cells in the treatment of hematological malignancies and ischemic heart diseases through randomized clinical safety and efficacy trials, the development of new therapies based on culture-expanded human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) opens up new possibilities for cell therapy.To facilitate these applications, cryopreservation and long-term storage of MSCs becomes an absolute necessity. As a result, optimization of this cryopreservation protocol is absolutely critical. The major challenge during cellular cryopreservation is the lethality associated with the cooling and thawing processes. The major objective is to minimize damage to cells during low temperature freezing and storage and the use of a suitable cryoprotectant. The detrimental effects of cellular cryopreservation can be minimized by controlling the cooling rate, using better cryoprotective agents, maintaining appropriate storage temperatures, and controlling the cell thawing rate. As is described in this chapter, human MSCs can either be frozen in cryovials or in freezing bags together with cryopreserve solutions containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).