Improvement of Disability Rights via Geographic Information Science
Improvement of Disability Rights via Geographic Information Science
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DOI：
10.3390/su12145807
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发表时间：
2020-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
S. Kocaman;N. Ozdemir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Kocaman;N. Ozdemir
权利、法律的规定和实践往往产生于社会和科学的发展，社会变革也可能产生于新的法律的规定。随着科学和技术的进步，基本权利可以重新界定。在这样一个明显相互补充的演变循环中，应当运用和发展综合的法律的和技术框架，以实现人权。这篇文章的主要目的是提出一个概念和方法框架，以改善残疾人的权利，在地理信息科学（GIScience）的最新进展，特别是对那些与运动障碍，对他们来说，与“在哪里”的问题是必不可少的。残疾的概念进行了讨论，考虑到不同的方面，并提出了一个新的方法框架，其中地理信息系统（GIS），志愿地理信息（VGI）和公民科学的核心。为了在国家和国际两级实施该框架，应首先开发一个空间数据模型。基于VGI，公民科学和机器学习方法的新数据收集和解释方法可能有助于实现运动障碍者的平等权利，通过改善教育，健康和旅行的机会。
Rights, legal regulations, and practices often arise from societal and scientific developments, and societal transformations may originate from new legal regulations as well. Basic rights can be re-defined with advancements in science and technology. In such an evolutional loop, where mutual supply is obvious, combined legal and technological frameworks should be exercised and developed for practicing human rights. The main aim of this article is to propose a conceptual and methodological framework for the improvement of disability rights in the light of recent advancements in geographic information science (GIScience), in particular for those with motor disabilities, for whom questions related to “where” are essential. The concept of disability is discussed, considering different aspects, and a new methodological framework is proposed in which Geographic Information Systems (GIS), volunteered geographic information (VGI) and citizen science are at the core. In order to implement the framework at the national and international levels, a spatial data model should be developed first. The new data collection and interpretation approaches based on VGI, citizen science, and machine learning methods may help to realize equal rights for people with motor disabilities, by enabling improved access to education, health, and travel.