Women Owning Small Firms in India: Analysing Social and Cultural Diversity
Women Owning Small Firms in India: Analysing Social and Cultural Diversity
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DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.3191664
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发表时间：
2020-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yuko Nikaido;Jesim Pais
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuko Nikaido;Jesim Pais
很少有实证研究集中在印度的种族，宗教，种姓和女性创业之间的相互关系。最近一次全国小型企业普查使我们能够研究女企业家的社会文化地位如何影响企业在创业活动不同阶段的业绩。分位数回归的实证结果显示，女性拥有的企业的增长业绩的显着变化。首先，穆斯林妇女是少数中的少数，往往面临种族主义和性别歧视的双重劣势，但穆斯林妇女拥有的公司比印度教妇女拥有的公司表现更好。第二，就来自低种姓的妇女而言，虽然企业在早期阶段的业绩似乎与来自高种姓的企业相似，但与种姓有关的因素对企业的进一步扩展构成了重大障碍。第三，虽然印度南部地区有一个有利于妇女创业的体制环境，但设在那里的妇女拥有的公司似乎面临着业务持续扩张的挑战。考虑到他们在技能和社会经济地位方面的差异，可能需要制定全面的一揽子计划，不仅要为建立新的公司提供指导，而且要支持现有的公司进入下一个阶段。
Few empirical studies have focused on the interrelationship among ethnicity, religion, caste and female entrepreneurship in India. The latest nationwide census of small enterprises allows us to examine how the socio-cultural status of the female entrepreneurs affects firm performance at different stages of entrepreneurial activity. The empirical results from a quantile regression reveal a significant variation in the growth performance of women-owned firms. First, while Muslim women, a minority within a minority, tend to face the double disadvantage of racism and sexism, firms owned by Muslim women perform better than those owned by Hindu women. Second, in the case of women from lower castes, although firm performance at the early stage appears to be similar to those from upper castes, caste-related factors offer significant obstacles for further expansion of business. Third, while there is a favourable institutional environment for women to start a business in the Southern Region of India, women-owned firms located there seem to face challenges of continued business expansion. Taking into account the differences in their skills and socio-economic status, comprehensive packages may need to be put in place that not only aim to provide hand-holding for setting up new firms that but also support extant firms to move on to the next level.