[Cholinergic neural regulation of regional cerebral blood flow].
[Cholinergic neural regulation of regional cerebral blood flow].
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局部脑血流的胆碱能神经调节[J].
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Akio Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akio Sato
局部代谢物在调节局部脑血流量（rCBF）中起着重要的生理作用。然而，这里回顾的证据强调，中央胆碱能神经的rCBF的调节是独立的区域代谢。源自Meynert基底核（NBM）和隔复合体的颅内胆碱能纤维的激活在皮质和海马中释放乙酰胆碱，这通过激活毒蕈碱和烟碱乙酰胆碱受体导致皮质和海马中的血管舒张和rCBF增加。皮肤感觉刺激激活源自NBM的胆碱能神经以增强rCBF。行走过程中弥散皮质的rCBF增加似乎包括对这一NBM源性胆碱能血管舒张系统的激发。其他各种输入到NBM可能具有类似的效果，以通过激活胆碱能系统来增强rCBF，前提是刺激被适当地递送。因此，药理学和非药理学技术的结合可能会在我们试图改善胆碱能替代治疗中提供一个平衡。
Local metabolites have long been considered to play an important physiological role in regulating regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). However, the evidence reviewed here emphasizes that the regulation of rCBF by central cholinergic nerves is independent of regional metabolism. Activation of the intra cranial cholinergic fibers originating in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) and septal complex releases acetylcholine in the cortex and hippocampus, which results in vasodilation and an increase in rCBF in the cortex and hippocampus via activation of both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Cutaneous sensory stimulation activates the cholinergic nerves originating from the NBM to enhance rCBF. The increase in rCBF at the defuse cortices during walking appears to include an excitation of this NBM-originating cholinergic vasodilation system. Other various inputs to the NBM may have a similar effects to enhance rCBF via activation of that cholinergic system, provided the stimulation is delivered properly. Thus the combination of pharmacological and nonpharmacological techniques may provide a balance in our attempts to improve cholinergic replacement therapy.