A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF LASSA FEVER
A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF LASSA FEVER
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/155.3.437
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发表时间：
1987-03-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
SMITH, ES
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MCCORMICK, JB;WEBB, PA;SMITH, ES
在塞拉利昂对拉沙热的研究中，人类拉沙病毒抗体的流行率在8%到52%之间。纳塔尔多乳鼠是拉沙病毒的储存宿主，在房屋内捕获的啮齿动物中占50% - 60%，但在周边农田和灌木丛地区捕获的啮齿动物中仅占10% - 20%（卡方值为90.2，P < 10⁻⁶，自由度 = 1），这一发现表明房屋是拉沙病毒传播的最重要场所。来自房屋的纳塔尔多乳鼠病毒感染率在0%到80%之间。易感人群中血清转化的发生率每年在0%到22%之间；疾病与感染的比率在9%到26%之间，与血清转化相关的发热性疾病的比例为5% - 14%。在1% - 18%的抗体阳性人群中抗体滴度出现了8倍增长，这一结果表明存在再次感染。我们估计死亡与感染的比率为1% - 2%，这一比率低于基于住院病例的估计。拉沙热的高发病率使其成为西非的一个主要问题。
In studies of Lassa fever in Sierra Leone, the prevalence of human antibody to Lassa virus ranged from 8% to 52%. Mastomys natalensis, the reservior of Lassa virus, constituted 50%-60% of the rodents captured in houses but only 10%-20% of those captured in surrounding agriculture and bush areas (x2 - 90.2, P < 10-6, df = 1), a finding suggesting that houses are the most-important location for transmission of Lassa virus. Viral infection of Mastomys from houses ranged from 0% to 80%. The incidence of seroconversions in susceptible persons ranged from 0% to 22% per year; the ratio of illness to infection ranged from 9% to 26%, and the proportion of febrile illness associated with seroconversion was 5%-14%. Eightfold rises in titer of antibody occurred in 1%-18% of the antibody-positive population, a result suggesting reinfection. We estimate the ratio of fatalities to infection to be 1%-2%, a rate lower than estimates based on hospitalized cases. The high incidence of Lassa fever makes it a major problem in West Africa.