Neurovascular and neurometabolic derailment in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Neurovascular and neurometabolic derailment in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2015.00103
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Laranjinha J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lourenço CF;Ledo A;Dias C;Barbosa RM;Laranjinha J
脑的功能和结构完整性需要局部调节血流和调节代谢底物的递送，以满足神经元激活所施加的代谢需求。这一过程--神经血管偶联--以及随之而来的葡萄糖和氧代谢的改变--神经代谢偶联--是通过神经细胞和血管细胞之间的协调通信来完成的。有证据表明，神经源性一氧化氮（·NO）是这两种现象的关键参与者。神经细胞和血管之间的密切沟通机制的改变最终导致神经元功能障碍。神经血管和神经代谢偶联在脑老化过程中以及与认知能力下降密切相关的年龄相关神经病理学中受到干扰。然而，尽管经过数十年的深入研究，许多方面仍然知之甚少，例如这些改变的影响。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了衰老和阿尔茨海默病（AD）中的神经血管和神经代谢脱轨，并讨论了其与NO相关通路的意义。
The functional and structural integrity of the brain requires local adjustment of blood flow and regulated delivery of metabolic substrates to meet the metabolic demands imposed by neuronal activation. This process—neurovascular coupling—and ensued alterations of glucose and oxygen metabolism—neurometabolic coupling—are accomplished by concerted communication between neural and vascular cells. Evidence suggests that neuronal-derived nitric oxide (•NO) is a key player in both phenomena. Alterations in the mechanisms underlying the intimate communication between neural cells and vessels ultimately lead to neuronal dysfunction. Both neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling are perturbed during brain aging and in age-related neuropathologies in close association with cognitive decline. However, despite decades of intense investigation, many aspects remain poorly understood, such as the impact of these alterations. In this review, we address neurovascular and neurometabolic derailment in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), discussing its significance in connection with •NO-related pathways.