Social organization of a polygynous CichlidLamprologns furcifer in Lake Tanganyika
Social organization of a polygynous CichlidLamprologns furcifer in Lake Tanganyika
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坦噶尼喀湖一夫多妻制慈鲷的社会组织
DOI：
10.1007/bf02904148
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Yanagisawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Yanagisawa
叉尾亮丽鲷栖息于垂直或悬垂的岩石表面。雌性一直呆在特定的地点，独自守卫那里的后代。雄性也会留在特定的地点，但往往会离开这些地点去看望雌性。一个占统治地位的雄性同时控制着几个繁殖雌性的领地。在母亲的照料下，幼鱼群在岩石表面水平分布，它们主要以底栖生物（如无尾虾）为食物。在慈鲷科的700多个种类中，大约30%是底栖育雏者（Keenleyside，1979）。它们通常有一夫一妻制的交配系统，其中雄性和雌性形成一对债券，并共同保护基板上的后代。然而，在某些种类的底栖育雏鱼中，一只雄性同时与两只或更多的雌性保持交配关系。在水族馆的研究中，在三带隐带丽鱼（Burchard，1965）和刚果亮鲷（Lamprologus congolensis，Wickler，1965）以及在自然或半自然条件下的蓝斑宝丽鱼（Aequidens coeruleopunctatus，Barlow，1974）和黑带丽鱼（Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum，Keenleyside，1985）中观察到了这种一夫多妻现象。最近对坦噶尼喀湖的调查显示，该湖沿岸的鱼类群落中最大的群体-灯鲷属包括一些一夫多妻的物种。例如，在L. furcifer，L. modestus和L. savoryi一个占主导地位的男性广泛巡逻，并获得进入一个以上的女性的育雏场所（Hori，1983年; Nagoshi，1983年; Kondo，1986年）。在L. Attenuatus、L. brichardi，L. tetracanthus和L.在被认为是一夫一妻制的大草原上，一只雄性偶尔会建立一个包括两个沉思的雌性的大领地（Limberger，1983年; Kuwamura，个人交流）。L.在坦噶尼喀湖的慈鲷科鱼类中，叉尾鲷与一种特殊的栖息地有着最严格的联系;它在黑暗中靠着垂直或悬垂的岩石表面停留（Brichard，1978; Hori，1983; Nagoshi，1983）。在本研究中，由女性和社会互动育雏
Lamprologus furcifer inhabited vertical or overhanging rock surfaces. Females persistently stayed at particular sites and singly guarded the offspring there. Males also stayed at particular sites but often left them to visit females. A dominant male controlled the territories of several breeding females at a time. Schools of young under maternal care spread horizontally on the rock surface as they developed and fed mainly on benthic organisms such as atyid shrimps. It is suggested that the emancipation of males from brood care is attributed to the benthic life of young.Of the over 700 species of the family Cichlidae, about 30% are estimated to be substrate brooders (Keenleyside, 1979). They usually have a monogamous mating system, in which a male and female form a pair bond and jointly protect the offspring on the substrate. In some species of substrate brooders, however, one male keeps mating relationships with two or more females at the same time. Such polygyny in cichlids has been observed in Apistogramma trifasciatum (Burchard, 1965) and Lamprologus congolensis (Wickler, 1965) in aquarium studies and in Aequidens coeruleopunctatus (Barlow, 1974) and Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (Keenleyside, 1985) under natural or semi-natural conditions. Recent surveys in Lake Tanganyika are revealing that the genus Lamprologus, the largest group in the littoral fish community of this lake, includes a number of polygynous species. For example, in L. furcifer, L. modestus and L. savoryi one dominant male patrols widely and gains access to brooding sites of more than one female (Hori, 1983; Nagoshi, 1983; Kondo, 1986). Also, in L. attenuatus, L. brichardi, L. tetracanthus and L. toae, which have been considered to be monogamous, one male occasionally establishes a large territory including two brooding females (Limberger, 1983; Kuwamura, personal communication). L. furcifer has the most strict bond toward a special type of habitat among the cichlids of Lake Tanganyika; it stays in the dark against vertical or overhanging rock surfaces (Brichard, 1978; Hori, 1983; Nagoshi, 1983). In the present study, brood care by females and social interactions