Chlorination of methane
Chlorination of methane
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DOI：
10.1021/ie50387a009
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发表时间：
1942-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Strickland, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McBee, ET;Hass, HB;Strickland, H
甲烷的丰富性和氯气的相对廉价性限制了氯化法制备氯甲烷的工业应用。在以前的大多数工艺中，当使用高浓度的氯时，为了避免爆炸或燃烧反应，必须使用一些经济上不可取的特性。目前的工作是在努力将Hass-McBeechlorination技术应用于甲烷。使烃通过反应器，同时通过沿反应器沿着适当间隔的喷射器引入氯。通过这种安排，氯的瞬时浓度保持在产生爆炸性混合物的浓度以下，反应物的总摩尔比可以是任何所需的值，例如，4的氯对1的甲烷以产生四氯化碳。温度梯度图有助于选择最适宜的浴温、氯气喷距、空速等。产品中四种氯甲烷的比例可以从接近100%的氯甲烷到四氯化碳。
Both the abundance of methane and the compara-tive cheapness of chlorine favorthe industrial utilization of chlorination for the preparation of the chloromethanes. In most of the prior proc-esses it was necessary to use some economically undesirable feature to avoid an explosive or burn-ing reactionwhen high concentrations ofchlorine were employed. The present work was under-taken in an effort to apply the Hass-McBeechlorination technique to methane. A hydrocarbon is passed through a reactor while chlorine is introduced through jets suitably spaced along the reactor. By thisarrangement the momentary concentrationsof chlorine are main-tained below those which yield explosive mixtures, and the over-all mole ratioof reactants may be any desiredvalue—for example, 4 ofchlorine to 1 of methane to produce carbon tetrachloride. Graphs of temperature gradients were helpful in selecting the most suitable bath temperature, spac-ings of chlorine jets, space velocity, etc. Most of the data were obtained at 440 C. The ratios of the four chloromethanes in the product can be varied from nearly 100 percent methyl chloride to carbontetrachloride exclusively.