Striatal dopamine neurotransmission: regulation of release and uptake.
Striatal dopamine neurotransmission: regulation of release and uptake.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.baga.2016.02.001
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rice ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sulzer D;Cragg SJ;Rice ME
多巴胺(DA)的传递受调节前脑轴突和中脑躯体树突室释放的过程以及DA转运体的清除、扩散和细胞外代谢的控制。我们回顾了轴突DA释放是如何由神经元活动以及自身受体和异源受体调节的，并阐述了量子释放事件是如何在大小和频率上调节的。在被DA轴突密集支配的脑区，DA的清除主要是由于DA转运体的摄取，而在大脑皮层、中脑和其他DA输入相对稀少的区域，则涉及去甲肾上腺素转运体和扩散。我们讨论了DA摄取在限制DA的影响范围中的作用，以及在细胞外DA水平对连续动作电位的时间积累中的作用。DA神经元的紧张性放电活动可以转化为紧张性的细胞外DA水平，而它们的爆发活动可以产生离散的细胞外DA瞬变。
Dopamine (DA) transmission is governed by processes that regulate release from axonal boutons in the forebrain and the somatodendritic compartment in midbrain, and by clearance by the DA transporter, diffusion, and extracellular metabolism. We review how axonal DA release is regulated by neuronal activity and by autoreceptors and heteroreceptors, and address how quantal release events are regulated in size and frequency. In brain regions densely innervated by DA axons, DA clearance is due predominantly to uptake by the DA transporter, whereas in cortex, midbrain, and other regions with relatively sparse DA inputs, the norepinephrine transporter and diffusion are involved. We discuss the role of DA uptake in restricting the sphere of influence of DA and in temporal accumulation of extracellular DA levels upon successive action potentials. The tonic discharge activity of DA neurons may be translated into a tonic extracellular DA level, whereas their bursting activity can generate discrete extracellular DA transients.