The Estimated National Burden of Physical Ergonomic Hazards Among US Workers
The Estimated National Burden of Physical Ergonomic Hazards Among US Workers
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DOI：
10.1002/ajim.20883
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Calvert, Geoffrey M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tak, SangWoo;Calvert, Geoffrey M.
方法利用美国职业信息网(O*NET)数据和美国劳工统计局(BLS)发布的按职称分层的职业就业统计(OES)数据，估算了振动、在狭小空间工作、跪着、身体弯曲或扭曲、攀爬和重复运动等人体工效学危害的人群患病率和总暴露人数。超过一半的时间在工作中弯曲或扭曲身体也很常见，涉及超过3200万美国工人(占美国劳动力的25%)。跪、蹲、弯腰或爬行是另一个符合人体工程学的危险，1400万美国工人一半以上的时间都在工作。近400万工人在工作中有一半以上的时间是爬梯子、脚手架、杆子等。我们估计，超过1300万名员工(占美国劳动力的10%)暴露在狭小的工作空间中，每天都需要进入尴尬的位置。最后，据估计，每天约有350万工人(占美国劳动力的2.7%)暴露在全身振动中。结论大部分美国劳动力暴露在已知与肌肉骨骼疾病(MSD)相关的人体工效学危险中。每种人体工学危害患病率最高的职业可能值得立即努力预防MSD。上午好。J.Ind.地中海医院。2011年，54：395-404。(C)2010年Wiley-Liss公司
Purpose To estimate the national burden of physical ergonomic hazards among working adults in the US.Methods We estimated the population prevalence of and the total number of workers who are exposed to physical ergonomic hazards, such as vibration, working in cramped space, kneeling, body bending or twisting, climbing, and repetitive motions using Occupational Information Network (O*NET) data and the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) from the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) stratified by occupation title.Results Repetitive motion was the most prevalent of all ergonomic hazards (27% of US workers are estimated to be exposed continually). Bending or twisting of the body more than half their time at work was also common, involving over 32 million US workers (25% of US workforce). Kneeling, crouching, stooping, or crawling was another ergonomic hazard that 14 million US workers perform more than half their time at work. Almost 4 million workers climb ladders, scaffolds, poles, etc. for more than half their time at work. We estimate that over 13 million workers (10% of US workforce) were exposed to cramped workspace that requires getting into awkward positions every day. Finally, about 3.5 million workers (2.7% of US workforce) were estimated to be exposed to whole body vibration every day.Conclusion A large portion of the US work force is exposed to ergonomic hazards known to be associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The occupations with the highest prevalence of each ergonomic hazard may be deserving of prompt efforts toward prevention of MSDs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54: 395-404, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.