Normal fault zone evolution and fault scarp degradation in the Aegean region

Normal fault zone evolution and fault scarp degradation in the Aegean region
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爱琴海地区正断层带演化与断层陡坎退化

DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Hancock
P. Hancock
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
I. Stewart;P. Hancock

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断陷盆地演化的初始阶段是地貌大变化的时期。断层陡坎是新形成的侵蚀轴，沿着下盘高地，作为上盘盆地沉降的沉积物来源。在希腊大陆和土耳其西部中生代碳酸盐岩的新构造正断层作用过程中形成的陡坎显示出各种各样的退化模式 与断层发育历史和断层带结构变化有关。交替的平行带致密角砾岩片和非粘性角砾岩带，具有对比的抗侵蚀性，位于陡坎之下。中尺度滑动面现象，如波纹，沟槽，梳状断裂，和弹拨孔，连同地貌特征，如地下溶液管，和植被的耐侵蚀致密角砾岩片的可剥性的初始变化的结果。断层带内滑动面活动随时间推移向断层上盘的迁移（即断层带内上盘塌陷）增加了断层崖下盘的结构不均匀性。第四纪岩屑堆，无论是否横跨断层，倾斜不整合 相对于滑动面，或相对于重新激活的滑动面发生断裂，对降解具有阻尼作用。断裂带结构的复杂性与上盘坍塌的历史相结合，导致爱琴海地区的不均匀退化和陡坎，这些陡坎通常是阶梯状的，偶尔也会出现空化。
The initial stages of rift-basin evolution are periods of great landform change. Fault scarps are newly created axes of erosion which, along with footwall uplands, act as sediment sources for subsiding hanging wall basins. Scarps formed during neotectonic normal faulting of Mesozoic carbonates in mainland Greece and western Turkey display a varied pattern of degradation related to the history of fault development and variations in fault zone architecture. Alternating zone-parallel compact breccia sheets and incohesive breccia belts, of contrasting resistance to erosion, underlie scarps. Meso-scale slip-plane phenomena, such as corrugations, gutters, comb fractures, and pluck holes, together with geomorphological features, such as subsurface solution pipes, and vegetation result in initial variations in the denudability of erosionally resistant compact breccia sheets. Migration with time of slip-plane activity within a fault zone into its hanging wall (i.e. intrafault-zone hanging wall collapse) adds to the structural heterogeneity of fault scarp footwalls. Quaternary talus, whether of€set across a fault, banked unconformably against a slip plane, or faulted against a reactivated slip plane, has a dampening effect on degradation. The complexities of fault zone architecture combined with a history of hanging wall collapse lead, in the Aegean region, to non-uniform degradation and scarps which are commonly stepped and occasionally cavitated.