A Millimeter-Wave Receiver Using a Wideband Low-Noise Amplifier With One-Port Coupled Resonator Loads
A Millimeter-Wave Receiver Using a Wideband Low-Noise Amplifier With One-Port Coupled Resonator Loads
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DOI：
10.1109/tmtt.2020.2985676
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Rahul Singh;Susnata Mondal;J. Paramesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rahul Singh;Susnata Mondal;J. Paramesh
本文介绍了一种设计技术，以方便使用单端口变压器耦合谐振器的驱动点阻抗（$Z_{11}$）作为28ghz接收器前端毫米波放大器级的宽带负载。虽然考虑使用单端口的$Z_{11}$和双端口耦合谐振器的$Z_{21}$的跨阻来实现宽带响应，但结果表明，在低磁耦合和网络质量因子受限的条件下，使用$Z_{11}$可以获得更高的低噪声放大器（LNA）放大器级的增益-带宽积。通过降低变压器二次线圈的质量因数，可以减轻z_bb_0响应中的复零对带内增益纹波的影响；这强烈地激发了紧凑、嵌套电感变压器布局的使用。在65纳米CMOS工艺中实现的三级LNA（分两级加载$Z_{11}$宽带）实现了24.4 - 32.3 ghz带宽（27.9%的分数带宽），峰值$S_{21}$为24.4 dB (20.4 dB)，最小噪声系数（NF）为4 dB (4.6 dB)，输入参考P1dB为- 23 dBm (- 22 dBm)，同时从1.1 V （0.85 V）电源消耗22 mW （9.9 mW）功率。紧凑变压器的使用限制了LNA的占地面积仅为0.12 mm2。采用LNA的26.5 - 32.5 ghz正交接收机样机在1.1 v电源消耗33 mW的情况下，实现了29.5 db的峰值转换增益，5.3 db的最小NF和- 26 dbm的输入参考P1dB。
This article presents design techniques to facilitate the use of the driving point impedance ( $Z_{11}$ ) of one-port transformer-coupled resonators as wideband loads of millimeter-wave amplifier stages for a 28-GHz receiver front end. While the use of both the $Z_{11}$ of a one-port and the transimpedance ( $Z_{21}$ ) of a two-port coupled resonator is considered to achieve a wideband response, it is shown that under conditions of low magnetic coupling and constrained network quality factor, the use of $Z_{11}$ can result in a higher gain–bandwidth product of low-noise amplifier (LNA) amplifier stages. The effect of the complex zero in the $Z_{11}$ response on the in-band gain ripple is shown to be alleviated merely by lowering the quality factor of the transformer’s secondary coil; this strongly motivates the use of compact, nested-inductor transformer layouts. Implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process, a three-stage LNA (with $Z_{11}$ wideband loads in two stages) achieves a 24.4–32.3-GHz bandwidth (27.9 % fractional bandwidth), a peak $S_{21}$ of 24.4 dB (20.4 dB), a minimum noise figure (NF) of 4 dB (4.6 dB), and an input-referred P1dB of −23 dBm (−22 dBm) while consuming 22-mW (9.9 mW) power from a 1.1-V (0.85 V) supply. The use of compact transformers limits the LNA’s footprint to only 0.12 mm2. A 26.5–32.5-GHz quadrature receiver prototype employing the LNA achieves a 29.5-dB peak conversion gain, a 5.3-dB minimum NF, and a −26-dBm input-referred P1dB while consuming 33 mW from a 1.1-V supply.