Observations of an extreme storm in interplanetary space caused by successive coronal mass ejections
Observations of an extreme storm in interplanetary space caused by successive coronal mass ejections
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms4481
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Galvin, Antoinette B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Ying D.;Luhmann, Janet G.;Galvin, Antoinette B.
空间天气是指太阳和地球空间环境的动态条件，通常由太阳喷发及其随后的行星际扰动驱动。目前尚不清楚极端太空天气风暴是如何形成的以及它的严重程度。在这里，我们通过多点遥感和实地观测来报道和调查一次极端事件。极端风暴的形成呈现出惊人的新奇特征。我们认为，两次近距离发射的日冕物质抛射之间的凌日相互作用导致了在 STEREO A 附近 1 个天文单位处观测到的抛射物磁场的极端增强。快速过渡到 STEREO A（仅 18.6 小时），或者说该事件异常微弱的减速，是由早期太阳喷发对上游太阳风的预处理造成的。这些结果提供了对太阳物理学和空间天气至关重要的新观点，即极端空间天气事件如何由太阳喷发的组合引起。
Space weather refers to dynamic conditions on the Sun and in the space environment of the Earth, which are often driven by solar eruptions and their subsequent interplanetary disturbances. It has been unclear how an extreme space weather storm forms and how severe it can be. Here we report and investigate an extreme event with multi-point remote-sensing and in situ observations. The formation of the extreme storm showed striking novel features. We suggest that the in-transit interaction between two closely launched coronal mass ejections resulted in the extreme enhancement of the ejecta magnetic field observed near 1 AU at STEREO A. The fast transit to STEREO A (in only 18.6 h), or the unusually weak deceleration of the event, was caused by the preconditioning of the upstream solar wind by an earlier solar eruption. These results provide a new view crucial to solar physics and space weather as to how an extreme space weather event can arise from a combination of solar eruptions.