Experimental evolutionary studies on the genetic autonomy of the cytoplasmic genome “plasmon” in the Triticum (wheat)-Aegilops complex.
Experimental evolutionary studies on the genetic autonomy of the cytoplasmic genome “plasmon” in the Triticum (wheat)-Aegilops complex.
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关于小麦-山羊草复合体中细胞质基因组“等离子体”遗传自主性的实验进化研究。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1817037116
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Takumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tsunewaki;K.;N. Mori;S. Takumi
术语“等离子体”用于表示整个细胞质遗传系统，而“基因组”是指整个核遗传系统。虽然被子植物中的等离子体基因的母系遗传有很好的记载，但其与共存的核基因组的遗传自主性仍有待严格的检验。我们测试了这种自主性在两个相关的研究：一个是确定持续的遗传效应的等离子体ofAegilops caudata（基因组CC）的表型普通小麦，小麦品系“Tve”（基因组AABBDD），在63年（每年一代）的Ae重复回交。caudata及其后代与Tve小麦花粉的同源重组; caudatastrain的基因组及其在Tve小麦中已存在50代的胞质基因组，并比较天然和重建菌株的表型和细胞器DNA特征。结果表明，Ae的影响没有变化。Tve小麦在小麦中存在超过半个世纪的时间里，其细胞器DNA中的简单重复序列和表型在Tve小麦中均无明显差异，这表明Tve小麦和其他几个用于Ae基因重建的物种的共存基因组中存在着长时间的细胞质自主性。尾状体在不断变化的核条件下的等离子体激元和它的多样化过程中的theTriticum-Aegilops复杂的进化证明的遗传自主性之间的关系进行了讨论。
The term “plasmon” is used to indicate the whole cytoplasmic genetic system, whereas “genome” refers to the whole nuclear genetic system. Although maternal inheritance of the plasmon is well documented in angiosperms, its genetic autonomy from the coexisting nuclear genome still awaits critical examination. We tested this autonomy in two related studies: One was to determine the persistence of the genetic effect of the plasmon ofAegilops caudata(genome CC) on the phenotype of common wheat,Triticum aestivumstrain “Tve” (genome AABBDD), during 63 y (one generation per year) of repeated backcrosses ofAe. caudataand its offspring with pollen of the same Tve wheat, and the second was to reconstruct anAe. caudatastrain from the genome of this strain and its plasmon that had been resident in Tve wheat for 50 generations, and to compare the phenotypic and organellar DNA characteristics between the native and reconstructed strains. Results indicated no change in the effect ofAe. caudataplasmon on Tve wheat during its stay in wheat for more than half a century, and no difference between the native and reconstructedcaudatastrains in their phenotype and simple sequence repeats in their organellar DNAs, thus demonstrating the prolonged genetic autonomy of the plasmon from the coexisting genomes of wheat and several other species that were used in the reconstruction ofAe. caudata. The relationship between the proven genetic autonomy of the plasmon under changing nuclear conditions and its diversification during evolution of theTriticum–Aegilopscomplex is discussed.