Spore Powder of Paecilomyces hepiali Shapes Gut Microbiota to Relieve Exercise-Induced Fatigue in Mice.
Spore Powder of Paecilomyces hepiali Shapes Gut Microbiota to Relieve Exercise-Induced Fatigue in Mice.
复制标题
作者：
hepiali拟青霉（Paecilomyces hepiali）是从天然冬虫夏草中分离出来的一种真菌，含有与冬虫夏草相似的药理活性成分，作为冬虫夏草的替代品被广泛应用于功能性食品和医药中。然而，hepiali孢子的成分和抗疲劳作用及其作用机制在很大程度上是未知的。本研究采用液相色谱-串联质谱法比较了hepiali孢子（HPS）和菌丝体（HPM）的化学成分。我们发现85种代谢物存在显著差异，HPS比HPM含有更多的l -苹果酸、草酸、果糖-1,6-二磷酸和l -精氨酸。然后，我们评估了它们的抗疲劳作用和对小鼠肠道微生物群的调节作用。只有HPS组的强迫游泳时间（SW）显著增加，HPS高剂量组和低剂量组分别比对照组长101%和72%。HPS和HPM处理均降低了乳酸、血尿素氮、肌酸激酶，升高了血乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平。此外，HPS和HPM处理的小鼠骨骼肌纤维间距和断裂较少。通过16S rRNA基因测序分析，HPS组肠道菌群中Alistips、Eubacterium、Bacterium、Parasutterella和Olsenella的相对丰度高于HPM组。这些变化可能与核苷酸、氨基酸和碳水化合物代谢的调节有关。肠道菌群与疲劳相关指标的相关性分析表明，Alistips、Clostridium、Akkermansia、Olsenella和Lactobacillus与SW和LDH含量呈正相关。我们的研究结果表明，HPS通过调节肠道微生物群具有有益的抗疲劳作用。
Paecilomyces hepiali, a fungal strain isolated from natural Ophiocordyceps sinensis, contains similar pharmacologically active components, has been used widely as a substitute of O. sinensis in functional food and medicine. However, the components and anti-fatigue effects of P.hepiali spores and their mechanisms of action are largely unknown. Here, we compared the chemical composition in P.hepiali spore (HPS) and mycelium (HPM) by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. We found 85 metabolites with significant differences, and HPS contains more L-Malic acid, Oxalacetic acid, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, and L-Arginine than HPM. Then we evaluated their anti-fatigue effects and regulatory effects on the gut microbiota in mice. The forced swimming time (SW) was only significantly increased in HPS groups: the high and low dose of the HPS group was 101% and 72% longer than the control group, respectively. Both HPS and HPM treatment decreased lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen, creatine kinase while increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in the blood. Moreover, mice treated with HPS and HPM showed less skeletal muscle fiber spacing and breakage. The relative abundance of Alistips, Eubacterium, Bacterium, Parasutterella, and Olsenella in the gut microbiota of the HPS group was higher than that in the HPM group through 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. These changes may be related to the regulation of nucleotide, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Correlation analysis between the gut microbiota and fatigue-related indicators suggested that Alistips, Clostridium, Akkermansia, Olsenella, and Lactobacillus were positively correlated with the SW and LDH content. Our findings demonstrated that HPS has beneficial anti-fatigue effects by regulating gut microbiota.