Brain capillary pericytes contribute to the immune defense in response to cytokines or LPS in vitro
Brain capillary pericytes contribute to the immune defense in response to cytokines or LPS in vitro
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2014.01.004
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发表时间：
2014-03-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Galla, Hans-Joachim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pieper, Christian;Marek, Jasmin Jacqueline;Galla, Hans-Joachim
预防脑部炎症是人体必须达到的最重要目标之一。由于周细胞位于大脑毛细血管的开口一侧，因此在某些方面，人们研究了它们在对抗入侵病原体方面的作用，主要是因为它们的行为像巨噬细胞一样。在此，我们研究了周细胞在炎症条件下作为免疫细胞的潜力，特别是关于诱导型一氧化氮合酶(INOS)、环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、主要组织相容性复合体II(MHC II)分子CD68的表达，以及活性氧和氮物种(RON)的产生以及它们的吞噬能力。实时定量聚合酶链式反应和免疫印迹分析显示，经肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素1-β、干扰素-γ或脂多糖刺激后，周细胞可上调典型炎症标志物蛋白的表达。根据不同的致炎因子，周细胞会改变最主要的周细胞标志物--α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的表达。我们的结论是，周细胞在免疫系统中的作用受到不同细胞因子的调节和微调，这很大程度上取决于细胞因子释放的时间和浓度。本研究结果将有助于理解周细胞在脑组织中的防御机制。(C)2014爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
The prevention of an inflammation in the brain is one of the most important goals the body has to achieve. As pericytes are located on the abluminal side of the capillaries in the brain, their role in fighting against invading pathogens has been investigated in some points, mostly in their ability to behave like macrophages. Here we studied the potential of pericytes to react as immune cells under inflammatory conditions, especially regarding the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) molecules, CD68, as well as the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), and their ability in phagocytosis. Quantitative real time PCR and western blot analysis showed that pericytes are able to increase the expression of typical inflammatory marker proteins after the stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1 beta), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), or lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Depending on the different specific pro-inflammatory factors pericytes changed the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha SMA), the most predominant pericyte marker. We conclude that the role of the pericytes within the immune system is regulated and fine-tuned by different cytokines strongly depending on the time when the cytokines are released and their concentration. The present results will help to understand the pericyte mediated defense mechanisms in the brain. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.