Parental incarceration, attachment and child psychopathology.
Parental incarceration, attachment and child psychopathology.
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父母监禁、依恋和儿童精神病理学。
DOI：
10.1080/14751790903416889
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Murray J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murray J
回顾了与父母监禁、依恋和精神病理学有关的理论和证据。父母监禁是长期精神病理学的一个重要风险因素，包括反社会和内化结果。由于亲子分离、父母缺席的沟通混乱、与被监禁父母的接触受到限制以及不稳定的照顾安排，父母监禁可能会威胁儿童的依恋安全。父母入狱还会给儿童带来经济压力、监督减少、耻辱、家庭和学校搬迁以及其他负面生活事件。因此，父母监禁可能会增加儿童精神病理学风险的多种可能机制。与父亲的监禁相比，母亲的监禁往往会给儿童带来更多的干扰，并可能导致更大的不安全依恋和精神病理学风险。儿童先前的依恋关系和其他生活经历可能对于理解儿童对父母监禁的反应非常重要。提出了一些关于先前的不安全依恋和社会逆境如何与父母监禁相互作用并导致精神病理学的假设。需要精心设计的纵向研究、随机对照试验和跨国比较研究来检验这些假设。
Theory and evidence relating parental incarceration, attachment, and psychopathology are reviewed. Parental incarceration is a strong risk factor for long-lasting psychopathology, including antisocial and internalizing outcomes. Parental incarceration might threaten children's attachment security because of parent–child separation, confusing communication about parental absence, restricted contact with incarcerated parents, and unstable caregiving arrangements. Parental incarceration can also cause economic strain, reduced supervision, stigma, home and school moves, and other negative life events for children. Thus, there are multiple possible mechanisms whereby parental incarceration might increase risk for child psychopathology. Maternal incarceration tends to cause more disruption for children than paternal incarceration and may lead to greater risk for insecure attachment and psychopathology. Children's prior attachment relations and other life experiences are likely to be of great importance for understanding children's reactions to parental incarceration. Several hypotheses are presented about how prior insecure attachment and social adversity might interact with parental incarceration and contribute to psychopathology. Carefully designed longitudinal studies, randomized controlled trials, and cross-national comparative research are required to test these hypotheses.