Reinforcer rate and stimulus control in discrimination reversal learning
Reinforcer rate and stimulus control in discrimination reversal learning
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03395194
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Mcilvane, WJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dube, WV;Mcilvane, WJ
九名智力低下的受试者接受了褪色程序的训练，以执行两项选择的简单辨别任务。在达到学习标准后，立即在同一课程中进行歧视逆转训练，并进行褪色程序。在受试者内比较两个 10 或 16 逆转条件：高，其中对初始辨别的所有正确反应都遵循强化物；低，其中初始辨别是通过间歇性强化计划和较低的获得强化率进行训练的。在这两种情况下，强化物在逆转训练期间都会遵循所有正确的反应。 8 名受试者在高条件下的逆转学习错误率较高。因此，初始辨别训练期间的强化率与刺激控制的持续性有关，正如高条件下的逆转训练期间对初始正刺激的更多选择所表明的那样。结果与行为动量理论一致。结果表明，（a）行为动量可以描述离散试验程序中的刺激控制，（b）教学程序有时可能受益于局部强化密度的战术减少，以鼓励刺激控制的变化或转移。
Nine subjects with mental retardation were trained with a fading procedure to perform two-choice simple-discrimination tasks. Immediately after meeting a learning criterion, discrimination reversals were trained within the same sessions, also with the fading procedure. Two 10- or 16-reversal conditions were compared within subjects: High, in which all correct responses for the initial discrimination were followed by reinforcers, and Low, in which the initial discrimination was trained with an intermittent reinforcement schedule and a lower obtained reinforcer rate. In both conditions, reinforcers followed all correct responses during reversal training. Reversal learning error rates were higher in the High condition for 8 subjects. Thus, the rate of reinforcement during the initial discrimination training was related to the persistence of stimulus control, as shown by more selections of the initially positive stimulus during reversal training in the High condition. The results are consistent with behavioral momentum theory. The results indicate that (a) behavioral momentum may describe stimulus control in discretetrial procedures, and (b) teaching procedures may sometimes benefit from tactical reductions in local reinforcement density to encourage changes or transfers of stimulus control.