Analysis of foodborne outbreak data reported internationally for source attribution
Analysis of foodborne outbreak data reported internationally for source attribution
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.12.031
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发表时间：
2009-03-31
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Ravel, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greig, J. D.;Ravel, A.
食源性暴发数据分析是估计可归因于特定食物的特定肠道疾病人间病例比例的一种方法（食物归因）。虽然我们认识到，由于各种原因，报告的疫情仅占所有实际疫情的一小部分，但使用疫情数据进行食品归因是唯一的方法，从理论上讲，病原体、其来源和每个感染者之间存在实际直接联系。本研究的目的是探讨从公开的国际电子报告和出版物中提取的食源性疫情数据的有用性，以提供食品归因的估计，推导和比较这些估计区域之间，同时提高对病原体/食品媒介物组合的理解。对1980年代以来全球发生的食源性疫情的电子报告和出版物进行了系统扫描，并提取其数据，编入数据库。制定了一个食品分类系统，并相应分配了食品车辆。对于既有报告的病原学又有牵连的食物媒介物的暴发，对病原学和食物来源之间的关联进行了统计学描述。使用多重对应分析探讨了澳大利亚和新西兰、加拿大、欧盟（EU）和美国（US）之间的关联差异，并在欧盟和美国之间对选定的病原体和食物来源进行了正式测试。因此，提出并讨论了1988年至2007年期间全球发生的4093起食源性疫情的食物和病原学交叉表。病因和某些食物的关联是非常具体的。其他食物和病因之间缺乏特定的关联突出了交叉污染，环境污染和受感染的食品处理者沿着从农场到餐桌的食物链的潜在作用。对这四个地区的分析突出了一些具体的联系：沙门氏菌在欧盟国家的爆发相对频繁，鸡蛋是最常见的来源;弯曲杆菌相关的爆发主要与欧盟的家禽产品和美国的乳制品有关;加拿大的大肠杆菌爆发与牛肉之间存在联系;虽然鼠伤寒沙门氏菌疫情在澳大利亚和新西兰相对常见，但在所有地区，沙门氏菌与各种食物有关。讨论了该研究的价值和局限性，以及超出疫情背景的食物归因估计的外推。皇冠版权所有（C）2008年出版的爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Analysis of foodborne outbreak data is one approach to estimate the proportion of human cases of specific enteric diseases attributable to a specific food item (food attribution). Although we recognize that for a variety of reasons reported outbreaks represent only a small portion of all actual outbreaks, using outbreak data for food attribution is the only methodological approach where, theoretically, there is an actual direct link between the pathogen, its source and each infected person. The purpose of this study was to explore the usefulness of foodborne outbreak data extracted from publicly available international electronic reports and publications to provide estimates of food attribution, to derive and compare these estimates between regions, while improving the understanding of the pathogen/food vehicle combination. Electronic reports and publications of foodborne outbreaks that occurred globally since the 1980s were systematically scanned and their data were extracted and compiled in a database. A system of food categorization was developed and food vehicles assigned accordingly. The association between the aetiology and the food source was statistically described for outbreaks with both reported aetiology and incriminated food vehicle. Differences in associations between Australia and New Zealand, Canada, the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) were explored using multiple correspondence analysis and were formally tested between the EU and the US for selected pathogens and food sources. As a result, the food and aetiology cross tabulation of 4093 foodborne outbreaks that occurred globally between 1988 and 2007 is presented and discussed For a few. aetiologies and some foods the association is very specific. The lack of a specific association between the other foods and aetiologies highlights the potential roles of cross-contamination, environmental contamination and the role of the infected foodhandler along the food chain from farm to fork Detailed. analysis of the four regions highlighted some specific associations: Salmonella Enteritidis outbreaks occurred relatively often in the EU states with eggs as the most common source; Campylobacter associated outbreaks were mainly related to poultry products in the EU and to dairy products in the US; there was an association between Escherichia coli outbreaks and beef in Canada; and while Salmonella Typhiumurium outbreaks were relatively common in Australia and New Zealand, across all regions, Salmonella was associated with a variety of food groups. The value and limitations of the study are discussed, as well as the extrapolation of the food attribution estimates beyond their outbreak context. Crown Copyright (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.