Deixis, gesture, and cognition in spatial Frame of Reference typology
Deixis, gesture, and cognition in spatial Frame of Reference typology
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DOI：
10.1075/sl.34.1.16dan
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Danziger, Eve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Danziger, Eve
目前的空间语言类型清单中承认的三个参照系是通过它们在锚的位置来区分的，从锚的位置计算从地面到图形的搜索空间的矢量(Levinson，1996)。在某些公认的例子中，锚与地面合并。现有的分析认为这个合并成分是分析性的基础，而不是锚；因此，它在言语环境中或之外的位置被认为与参照类型无关。相反，我将这个成分视为分析性锚，使其言语情境状态成为类型学的标准。现在出现了四个，而不是三个参照系。第四个框架是“直接”框架，它区分了以言语参与者为基础/主语(如“在你前面”)的二元句和“以对象为中心”的二元句，其中“地/主语”不是言语参与者(如“在水壶前面”)。这种四个框架的分析比三个框架的分析更符合旋转敏感性的逻辑，该逻辑被用来表明沃尔菲安在语言和跨文化概念化之间的相似之处。最后，我讨论了参照系类型学在指点手势中的应用，并展示了对第四参照系的认识如何使我们能够完全在参照系类型学的框架内，对这些以及它们如此频繁地与之共现的语言指示词和处所词进行讨论。
The three Frames of Reference recognized in the current inventory of spatial-language types are differentiated by their placement of the Anchor from which the vector of search space from Ground to Figure is calculated (Levinson 1996). In certain well-recognized examples, Anchor merges with Ground. The existing analysis treats this merged component as analytically Ground rather than Anchor; its location in or out of the speech situation is therefore taken to be independent of the Frame of Reference typology. Instead, I treat this component as analytically Anchor, making its speech-situation status criterial to the typology. Four, not three, Frames of Reference now appear. The fourth, "Direct" frame, distinguishes binary locutions with a speech participant as Ground/Anchor (e.g. 'in front of you') from "Object-Centered" binary locutions in which Ground/Anchor is not a speech participant ( e.g. 'in front of the kettle'). This four-frame analysis corresponds better than does the three-frame one to the logic of rotation sensitivity which has been used to show Whorfian parallels between language and conceptualization across cultures. I close by discussing the application of Frame of Reference typology to pointing gestures, and show how recognition of the fourth frame of reference allows us to bring discussion of these, and of the linguistic demonstratives and locatives with which they so frequently co-occur, fully within the Frame of Reference typology.