Gender differences in the risk for delinquency among youth exposed to family violence
Gender differences in the risk for delinquency among youth exposed to family violence
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DOI：
10.1016/s0145-2134(01)00255-1
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发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
McCloskey, LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herrera, VM;McCloskey, LA
目的：本研究的目的是在儿童时期遭受婚姻暴力和儿童身体虐待的背景下，阐明青少年犯罪的性别差异。具体来说，我们进行了分析，以追踪暴露于任何一种形式的家庭暴力（婚姻或儿童）对男孩和女孩的暴力和非暴力犯罪的独特影响。方法：这是一项前瞻性研究，对象为 299 名儿童，他们于 1991 年就家庭虐待的形式采访了他们的母亲。大约五年后，对这些儿童的少年法庭记录进行了检索。收集了有关犯罪性质的详细信息。结果变量包括：（1）是否曾经被捕； (2)是否曾因暴力犯罪被捕。结果：初步分析表明，尽管男孩比女孩更有可能因财产、重罪和暴力犯罪而被移交少年法庭，但总体移交少年法庭的比例没有性别差异。童年时期遭受婚姻暴力预示着将被移交少年法庭。有虐待儿童历史的女孩比有类似历史的男孩更多地因暴力犯罪被捕，但暴力犯罪的背景因性别而异：几乎所有针对女孩的暴力犯罪转介都是因为家庭暴力。结论：尽管男孩和女孩有相似的家庭犯罪风险因素，但在儿童身体虐待后，女孩比男孩更有可能因暴力犯罪被捕。这些发现表明，与解释男孩的暴力犯罪相比，需要更严重的虐待才会引发女孩的暴力行为。 (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Objective: The purpose of this research was to illuminate gender differences in adolescent delinquency against a backdrop of childhood exposure to both marital violence and physical child abuse. Specifically, analyses were performed to trace the unique effects of exposure to either form of family violence (marital or child) on the violent and nonviolent delinquency of boys and girls.Method: This is a prospective study of 299 children who were interviewed with their mothers in 1991 about forms of abuse in the family. Approximately 5 years later a search of juvenile court records was performed for these same children. Details on the nature of the crimes were collected. Outcome variables included: (1) whether there was ever an arrest; and (2) whether there was ever an arrest for a violent crime.Results: Preliminary analyses indicated no gender differences in overall referral rates to juvenile court, although boys were more likely than girls to be referred for property, felony, and violent offenses. Exposure to marital violence in childhood predicted referral to juvenile court. Girls with a history of physical child abuse were arrested for violent offenses more than boys with similar histories, but the context of violent offenses differed dramatically by gender: Nearly all referrals for a violent offense for girls were for domestic violence.Conclusions: Although boys and girls share similar family risk factors for delinquency, girls are more likely than boys to be arrested for violent offenses in the aftermath of child physical abuse. These findings suggest that it takes more severe abuse to prompt violence in girls than is necessary to explain boys' violent offending. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.