MicroRNAs, DNA Damage Response, and Cancer Treatment.

MicroRNAs, DNA Damage Response, and Cancer Treatment.
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MicroRNA、DNA 损伤反应和癌症治疗

DOI:
10.3390/ijms17122087
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发表时间:
2016-12-12
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Guo M
Guo M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
He M;Zhou W;Li C;Guo M

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由于各种压力,由dna损伤剂引起的病变不断发生在人体的每个细胞中。一般来说,DNA损伤是由DNA损伤反应(DDR)机制识别和修复的,细胞得以存活。当修复失败时,细胞的基因组完整性就会被破坏——这是癌症的一个标志。此外,DDR在癌症的发展和治疗中起着双重作用。癌症放疗和化疗旨在通过诱导DNA损伤来消除癌细胞,从而促进肿瘤的发生。在过去的二十年里,越来越多的microrna (miRNAs),小的非编码rna,被发现通过调节DDR参与肿瘤发生和对放射治疗或基因毒性化疗的癌症治疗反应的过程。本文综述了近年来有关mirna调控DDR的研究进展,并讨论了mirna在DDR调控背景下对肿瘤的治疗作用。
As a result of various stresses, lesions caused by DNA-damaging agents occur constantly in each cell of the human body. Generally, DNA damage is recognized and repaired by the DNA damage response (DDR) machinery, and the cells survive. When repair fails, the genomic integrity of the cell is disrupted—a hallmark of cancer. In addition, the DDR plays a dual role in cancer development and therapy. Cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy are designed to eliminate cancer cells by inducing DNA damage, which in turn can promote tumorigenesis. Over the past two decades, an increasing number of microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, have been identified as participating in the processes regulating tumorigenesis and responses to cancer treatment with radiation therapy or genotoxic chemotherapies, by modulating the DDR. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent findings on how miRNAs regulate the DDR and discuss the therapeutic functions of miRNAs in cancer in the context of DDR regulation.
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