High yielding F1 hybrid carrying Ur1 (Undulate rachis -1) gene in Japonica rice
High yielding F1 hybrid carrying Ur1 (Undulate rachis -1) gene in Japonica rice
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携带Ur1（波状轴-1）基因的粳稻高产F1杂种
DOI：
10.1270/jsbbs.53.263
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Tetsushi Yoshida
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Murai;A. Nagayama;Shigetoshi Sato;H. Kc;K. Ise;Tetsushi Yoshida
一个不完全显性基因Ur1(波状轴-1)由于二次枝的增加而增加了每穗的小穗数。这种对小穗数的基因效应可以通过增大库容来增加Ur1/Ur1或Ur1/+型的籽粒产量。我们研究了杂合子中Ur1的增产效应是否可以叠加在杂交一代的高产能力上。‘Nishikari’(普通母本矮秆品种)与同时含有Ur1和SD1或仅含有SD1的台中65等基因系杂交，产生了两个不含Ur1的F1(Hu和H+)。1999年，在三个肥料水平下种植了胡、H+和‘Hinohikari’，这是日本南部的主要品种。‘Nishikari’仅在中肥水平下被纳入试验。2000年，胡和‘Hinohikari’在双(重)肥水平上种植。H+比‘Nishikari’增产21%，表现出杂种优势。H+产量比对照‘Hinohikari’增产12%~15%。H+的成熟率高于‘Hinohikari’和‘Nishikari’。在低、中、高肥水平下，胡的产量分别比H+高7%、10%和11%。在4个产量构成因素中，每穗颖花数对HU产量的贡献较大，尽管其成熟率低于H+。在产量上，两个F_1在中、高肥水平下均表现正反应，而在低、中肥水平下反应不明显。1999年，在低、中、高肥水平下，胡分别比‘Hinohikari’增产22%、25%和24%(116、126和137g/m2)。最高产量为723g/m2，比‘Hinohikari’增产14%(88g/m2)。因此，UR1的增产作用叠加在H+的高产能力上。因此，Ur1可用于选育Ur1/+型高产F1品种。
An incompletely dominant gene Ur1 (Undulate rachis -1) increases spikelet number per panicle owing to increase of secondary branches. This genic effect on spikelet number can increase grain yield in either the Ur1/Ur1 or Ur1/+ genotype by enlarging sink size. We examined whether the yield-increasing effect of Ur1 in the heterozygous genotype can be superimposed upon the high yield ability of a japonica F1 hybrid. Two F1s with and without Ur1 (HU and H+) were produced by the hybridization between ‘Nishihikari’ (common maternal parent, short-culm variety) and the isogenic line of Taichung 65 possessing both Ur1 and sd1 or that carrying sd1 only. In 1999, HU, H+ and ‘Hinohikari’, a leading variety in southern Japan, were grown under three fertilizer levels. ‘Nishihikari’ was included in the experiment only at the middle fertilizer level. In 2000, HU and ‘Hinohikari’ were grown at the twofold (heavy) fertilizer level. H+ had a 21 % higher yield than ‘Nishihikari’, revealing its heterobeltiosis. The yield of H+ was 12 to 15 % higher under the three fertilizer levels than that of the check variety ‘Hinohikari’. H+ had a higher ripened-grain percentage than either ‘Hinohikari’ or ‘Nishihikari’. HU had a 7, 10 and 11 % higher yield, respectively, at the low, middle and high fertilizer levels than H+. Among the four yield components, spikelet number per panicle alone contributed to the higher yield of HU, even though its ripened-grain percentage was lower than that of H+. In yield, both F1s showed positive responses from the middle to high fertilizer levels but little response from the low to middle fertilizer levels. HU showed 22, 25 and 24 % (116, 126 and 137 g/m2) higher yield, respectively, at the low, middle and high fertilizer levels in 1999 than ‘Hinohikari’. HU gained the highest yield, 723 g/m2 at the twofold fertilizer level in 2000 which was 14 % (88 g/m 2) higher than that of ‘Hinohikari’. Thus, the yield-increasing effect of Ur1 was superimposed upon the high yield ability of H+. Consequently, Ur1 could be utilized for developing high yielding F1 varieties in the Ur1/+ genotype.