Approval of syringe exchange programs in California: Results from a local approach to HIV prevention
Approval of syringe exchange programs in California: Results from a local approach to HIV prevention
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2005.080770
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Kral, Alex H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bluthenthal, Ricky N.;Heinzerling, Keith G.;Kral, Alex H.
目标.我们研究了加州当地批准注射器交换计划（通过大会AB 136）对计划可用性和绩效的影响。我们通过进行互联网搜索并从州和当地计划中获取信息，确定了加州活跃的注射器交换计划的数量。为了跟踪2000年至2002年期间项目可用性和绩效的变化，我们在3年内每年采访24名项目主管，了解项目特点、注射器交换政策、执法联系和其他问题。我们进行了多变量分析，以确定是否AB136批准状态与性能的变化。到2002年，15个地方政府（13个县和2个市）颁布了新法律，实施注射器交换方案的地方从24个增加到35个。这些计划中，没有得到当地批准的比例从54%下降到40%。在高需求的县没有启动新的批准方案。每年交换的注射器总数增加了100多万支，平均年度预算增加了50%以上，警察对该项目志愿者、客户和操作员的骚扰减少了。批准的注射器交换计划的改进解释了这些变化。全州范围内的批准和资金似乎有必要进一步在加州注射器交换的可用性。
Objectives. We studied the effect of local approval of syringe exchange programs in California (through Assembly AB136) on program availability and performance.Methods. We determined the number of active syringe exchange programs in California by conducting Internet searches and obtaining information from the state and from local programs. To track changes in program availability and performance between 2000 and 2002, we interviewed 24 program directors annually for 3 years about program characteristics, syringe exchange policies, law enforcement contact, and other issues. We conducted multivariate analyses to determine whether AB136 approval status was associated with changes in performance.Results. Fifteen local governments (13 counties and 2 cities) enacted the new law by 2002, and operating syringe exchange programs increased from 24 to 35. The proportion of these programs that were not locally approved declined from 54% to 40%. No new approved programs were started in high-need counties. Total syringes exchanged increased by more than 1 million per year, average annual budgets increased by more than 50%, and police harassment of the program volunteers, clients, and operators declined. Improvements at approved syringe exchange programs accounted for these changes.Conclusions. Statewide approval and funding appears necessary to further syringe exchange availability in California.