Development of a Laser Ablation System Kit (LASK) for Tokamak in vessel tritium and dust inventory control
Development of a Laser Ablation System Kit (LASK) for Tokamak in vessel tritium and dust inventory control
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.033
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发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Hernandez;H. Roche;C. Pocheau;C. Grisolia;L. Gargiulo;A. Semerok;A. Vatry;P. Delaporte;L. Mercadier
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文献类型：
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作者：
C. Hernandez;H. Roche;C. Pocheau;C. Grisolia;L. Gargiulo;A. Semerok;A. Vatry;P. Delaporte;L. Mercadier
在托卡马克运行过程中，面向等离子体的部件(PFC)与等离子体发生了严重的相互作用。因此，与全氟碳化物组成无关的是，材料被侵蚀，然后在表面以层的形式重新沉积，可能会剥落并产生粉尘。这些易碎的结构能够捕获容器库存中的部分氢化物种(例如氚)。出于安全原因，必须测量和控制容器粉尘和氚库存。到目前为止，激光技术是能够解决这些ITER公开问题的最有前途的方法之一。特别令人感兴趣的是装载在微型工具上的激光系统，该工具可以连接到多功能展开器(MPD)上，用于激光治疗(去氚和其他)、全氟碳化物化学分析以及激光烧蚀过程中产生的粉尘的微粒回收。这种系统(激光烧蚀系统套件：LACK)目前正在红外激光测绘仪上开发，下面的介绍将描述该项目目前取得的成就和前景。在本文中，我们将介绍一种创新的紧凑型系统，该系统装载在多用途展开船上，可以在恶劣环境(压力范围从常压到超高真空，温度高达120°C)下运行。根据工艺条件的不同，可以进行不同的处理：在低激光通量下，预计将进行PFCs热处理，而在高激光通量下，材料将被烧蚀，从而允许灰尘(和T)回收以及材料的化学分析。这种基于激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)的“在线”化学分析能够控制烧蚀过程，并保持衬底的完整性。本文将重点介绍在LASK开发过程中遵循的方法，以及用于确定激光工艺窗口的方法，该窗口能够在不破坏主体材料并考虑外部参数变化(例如，多用途展开振动)的情况下去除共沉积薄膜。提出了符合工艺要求和外部约束的系统初步设计方案。将特别强调限制，并将提出这些限制的替代方案。
During Tokamak operation, Plasma Facing Components (PFCs) are subjected to severe interaction with plasma. As a consequence and independently of the PFCs composition, materials eroded and then re-deposited in the form of layers on the surfaces, can flake and produce dusts. These fragile structures are able to trap part of the hydrogenated species (tritium for example) in vessel inventory. For safety reasons, it is mandatory to measure and to control vessel dust and tritium inventory. Up to now, laser techniques are a part of the most promising methods able to solve these ITER open issues. Of special interest are laser systems loaded on a miniature tool that can be attached to a Multi Purpose Deployer (MPD) and used for laser treatments (détritiation and other), for PFCs chemical analysis as well as for micro particles recovery of dust produced during laser ablation. Such a system (Laser Ablation System Kit: LASK) is currently under development at IRFM and the following presentation will describe the current achievements of this project and the perspectives. In this paper, we will present an innovative compact system, which, loaded on a Multi Purpose Deployer, could allow operation in a harsh environment (pressure range from atmospheric to Ultra High Vacuum and temperature up to 120°C). According to the process conditions, different treatments can be performed: at low laser fluence, PFCs thermal treatment will be expected, while at high laser fluence material will be ablated allowing Dust (and T) recovery as well as chemical analysis of material. This “in-line” chemical analysis based on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) enables the ablation process to be controlled and preserves the substrate integrity. The paper will be focussed on the methodology followed during the LASK development and the method used to determine a laser process window able to remove co-deposited film without damaging the bulk material and taking into account external parameter variation (Multi Purpose Deployer vibrations for example). The first design of the system is proposed that complies with the process requirements and the external constraints. Special emphasis will be given on limitations, and alternatives to these limitations will be proposed.