Active fire detection for fire emergency management: Potential and limitations for the operational use of remote sensing
Active fire detection for fire emergency management: Potential and limitations for the operational use of remote sensing
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11069-004-1797-2
复制
发表时间：
2005-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ollero, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
San-Miguel-Ayanz, J;Ravail, N;Ollero, A
利用机载平台和卫星上的中红外和热波段传感器，可以探测地球表面的活跃火灾。该应用程序已提供给消防社区多年。然而，传感器的火灾探测能力的限制和/或缺乏足够的回访频率，阻止了这些系统用于森林灭火。除了移动的系统外，固定的防火塔上的遥感器也被用于主动火灾探测。这些仪器通常放置在战略性的瞭望地点，以提供对周围地区的持续监测。它们通过检测热点（与背景相比温度升高的区域）或火灾产生的烟羽来定位火灾。本文评估了使用现有的遥感系统进行主动火灾探测，重点是这些系统的适用性，火灾应急管理和消防。考虑了卫星上的远程遥感装置，评估了机载系统，并审查了固定地面平台上的短程火灾探测仪器。简要介绍了即将推出的卫星系统，这些系统将以若干小型卫星的联合使用为基础。从消防管理的角度评价了不同系统的优点和缺点。
The use of the mid-infrared and thermal bands of sensors on board airborne platforms and satellites permits the detection of active fires on the Earth's surface. This application has been available to the fire-fighting community for many years. However, limitations in the fire detection capabilities of the sensors and/or the lack of adequate re-visit frequency have prevented the use of these systems for operational forest fire-fighting. In addition to mobile systems, remote sensors positioned on fixed fire-watch towers have also been used for active fire detection. These instruments are often positioned in strategic look-out places to provide continuous monitoring of the surrounding areas. They locate fires through the detection of either hot spots (areas of increased temperature in comparison to the background) or smoke plumes produced by the fires. This article evaluates the use of existing remote sensing systems for active fire detection, with emphasis on the applicability of these systems for fire emergency management and fire-fighting. Long-range remote sensing devices on board satellites are considered, airborne systems are assessed, and short-range fire detection instruments on fixed ground platforms are reviewed. A short introduction to forthcoming satellite systems, which will be based on the combined use of several small satellites, is presented. The advantages and drawbacks of the different systems are evaluated from a fire management perspective.