Toxicological evaluation of realistic emission source aerosols (TERESA): summary and conclusions
Toxicological evaluation of realistic emission source aerosols (TERESA): summary and conclusions
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DOI：
10.3109/08958378.2011.604687
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Koutrakis, Petros
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Godleski, John J.;Rohr, Annette C.;Koutrakis, Petros
源气溶胶实际排放的毒理学评价（TERESA）研究旨在描述颗粒物源排放形成的气溶胶对健康的影响。本系列论文报告了以燃煤发电厂为排放源的实验结果，并总结了从这些研究中获得的结果和知识。排放物直接从美国三个燃煤电厂的烟囱中提取，并在移动的实验室中进行光化学老化，以模拟顺风发电厂的羽流处理。发电厂使用不同的煤炭来源，并有不同的排放控制。接触情景包括初级粒子、次级粒子以及这些粒子与常见大气成分（α-蒎烯和氨）的混合物。对暴露于不同排放情景的Sprague-Dawley大鼠进行了广泛的暴露表征，并评价了毒理学结果。在急性心肌梗死模型中评估呼吸模式、肺部炎症反应、体内肺和心脏化学发光以及心脏反应。结果表明，没有反应或相对温和的反应，吸入气溶胶的研究，复杂的情况下，包括氧化排放和α-蒎烯模拟生物源二次有机气溶胶往往会引起更多的统计显着的反应比氧化和非氧化排放的情况下单独。将不良反应与特定成分联系起来并不能一致地确定有毒成分。这些研究结果与大多数先前发表的研究使用纯化合物模拟二次发电厂的排放是一致的，但重要的是增加了大量的复杂性，因此在定义毒理学反应方面具有相当大的优势。
The toxicological evaluation of realistic emissions of source aerosols (TERESA) study seeks to delineate health effects of aerosols formed from emissions of particulate matter sources. This series of papers reports the findings of experiments using coal-fired power plants as the source of emissions and this paper summarizes the findings and knowledge acquired from these studies. Emissions were drawn directly from the stacks of three coal-fired power plants in the US, and photochemically aged in a mobile laboratory to simulate downwind power plant plume processing. The power plants used different sources of coal and had different emission controls. Exposure scenarios included primary particles, secondary particles and mixtures of these with common atmospheric constituents (a-pinene and ammonia). Extensive exposure characterization was carried out, and toxicological outcomes were evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to different emission scenarios. Breathing pattern, pulmonary inflammatory responses, in vivo pulmonary and cardiac chemiluminescence and cardiac response in a model of acute myocardial infarction were assessed. The results showed no response or relatively mild responses to the inhaled aerosols studied; complex scenarios which included oxidized emissions and a-pinene to simulate biogenic secondary organic aerosol tended to induce more statistically significant responses than scenarios of oxidized and non-oxidized emissions alone. Relating adverse effects to specific components did not consistently identify a toxic constituent. These findings are consistent with most of the previously published studies using pure compounds to model secondary power plant emissions, but importantly add substantial complexity and thus have considerable merit in defining toxicological responses.