Global protected area impacts.

Global protected area impacts.
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DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2010.1713
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发表时间:
2011-06-07
期刊:
Proceedings. Biological sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Pfaff A
Pfaff A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Joppa LN;Pfaff A

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保护区(PA)主导着保护工作。它们也可能在未来的气候政策中发挥作用,因为全球支付可能会奖励当地减少自然土地覆盖的损失。我们通过比较保护区内外的结果,估计了保护区对147个国家的自然土地覆盖的影响。我们使用“匹配”(或“苹果对苹果”)的土地特征,以控制的事实,PA往往是非随机分布在他们的国家景观。保护的对象往往是那些如果不受保护,就不太可能被清除的土地。我们发现,对75%的国家而言,保护确实减少了自然土地覆被的转化。然而,对于大约80%的国家,我们的全球研究结果也证实(在较小规模的研究之后),控制土地特征可将估计影响减少一半或更多。这表明至少对几个关键土地特征进行控制的重要性。此外,我们表明,在一个国家内(即整个景观)的影响有很大的不同:保护实现少的土地远离道路,远离城市和陡峭的斜坡。因此,虽然规划者当然受到其他保护优先事项和成本的限制,但他们可以以更大的影响为目标,为减少森林砍伐赚取更多的全球付款。
Protected areas (PAs) dominate conservation efforts. They will probably play a role in future climate policies too, as global payments may reward local reductions of loss of natural land cover. We estimate the impact of PAs on natural land cover within each of 147 countries by comparing outcomes inside PAs with outcomes outside. We use ‘matching’ (or ‘apples to apples’) for land characteristics to control for the fact that PAs very often are non-randomly distributed across their national landscapes. Protection tends towards land that, if unprotected, is less likely than average to be cleared. For 75 per cent of countries, we find protection does reduce conversion of natural land cover. However, for approximately 80 per cent of countries, our global results also confirm (following smaller-scale studies) that controlling for land characteristics reduces estimated impact by half or more. This shows the importance of controlling for at least a few key land characteristics. Further, we show that impacts vary considerably within a country (i.e. across a landscape): protection achieves less on lands far from roads, far from cities and on steeper slopes. Thus, while planners are, of course, constrained by other conservation priorities and costs, they could target higher impacts to earn more global payments for reduced deforestation.
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