Major southern San Andreas earthquakes modulated by lake-filling events

Major southern San Andreas earthquakes modulated by lake-filling events
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圣安地列斯南部大地震受湖泊充盈事件影响

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-023-06058-9
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Fialko, Yuri
Fialko, Yuri
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hill, Ryley G.;Weingarten, Matthew;Rockwell, Thomas K.;Fialko, Yuri

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水文荷载可以激发地壳中的地震活动。然而,触发大地震的证据仍然难以捉摸。位于南加州的南圣安德烈亚斯断层(SSAF)位于索尔顿海旁边,索尔顿海是古老的卡惠拉湖的遗迹,在过去的一千年里定期填充和干涸。在这里,我们使用新的地质和古地震数据来证明,过去六次大地震的SSAF可能发生在高水位的卡惠拉湖,。为了调查可能的因果关系,我们计算了随时间变化的库仑应力变化,由于在湖平面的变化。使用一个完全耦合模型的多孔弹性地壳,覆盖粘弹性地幔,我们发现,水文负荷增加库仑应力SSAF由几百千帕和故障应力率超过2倍,这可能是足够的地震触发,。非垂直断层倾角、断层破坏带的存在和侧向孔隙压力扩散,都增强了湖泊淹没的失稳效应。我们的模型可能适用于其他地区的水文负荷,无论是自然的,或人为的,与大量的地震活动。
Hydrologic loads can stimulate seismicity in the Earth’s crust. However, evidence for the triggering of large earthquakes remains elusive. The southern San Andreas Fault (SSAF) in Southern California lies next to the Salton Sea, a remnant of ancient Lake Cahuilla that periodically filled and desiccated over the past millennium, –. Here we use new geologic and palaeoseismic data to demonstrate that the past six major earthquakes on the SSAF probably occurred during highstands of Lake Cahuilla,. To investigate possible causal relationships, we computed time-dependent Coulomb stress changes,due to variations in the lake level. Using a fully coupled model of a poroelastic crust, –overlying a viscoelastic mantle,, we find that hydrologic loads increased Coulomb stress on the SSAF by several hundred kilopascals and fault-stressing rates by more than a factor of 2, which is probably sufficient for earthquake triggering,. The destabilizing effects of lake inundation are enhanced by a nonvertical fault dip, , –, the presence of a fault damage zone,and lateral pore-pressure diffusion,. Our model may be applicable to other regions in which hydrologic loading, either natural,or anthropogenic,, was associated with substantial seismicity.
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发表时间: 2014-11
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发表时间: 2010
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