Modeling the Effects of Drift Orbit Bifurcation on Radiation Belt Electrons

Modeling the Effects of Drift Orbit Bifurcation on Radiation Belt Electrons
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模拟漂移轨道分岔对辐射带电子的影响

DOI:
10.1029/2022ja030827
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Eshetu, W. W.
Eshetu, W. W.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Huang, Jinbei;Tu, Weichao;Eshetu, W. W.

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漂移轨道分岔(DOB)违反了粒子的第二绝热不变量,使第三不变量不确定,在辐射带电子的输运和损失中起着重要作用。我们使用Tsyganenko‐ 1989 c磁场模型进行的引导中心试验粒子模拟的结果表明,DOB可以影响外辐射带的广泛区域,这些区域可以在Kp ≥ 3时穿透地球同步轨道内部,并且其影响在远离地球的地方更加显著,在更高的Kp和更高的电子能量下。具体来说,一个电子漂移后的短期模拟结果显示了电子的传统和非传统DOB传输,其中非传统DOB是由赤道附近磁场强度的第三个最小值引起的,这是首次报道。此外,我们的研究结果表明,大的弹道跳跃的第二不变和径向距离的电子在高赤道俯仰角后漂移。此外,基于我们的模拟结果,计算了电子在许多漂移中的长期DOB输运系数。我们发现,由于DOB的电子的俯仰角和径向扩散系数可以与电子与合唱和超低频波的相互作用所引起的俯仰角和径向扩散系数相当,甚至更大。总之,我们的结果表明,DOB可以导致有效的损失和传输的辐射带电子,即使在没有波。
Drift orbit bifurcation (DOB) has been suggested to play a major role in the loss and transport of radiation belt electrons since it violates the second adiabatic invariants of particles and makes the third invariant undefined. Results from our guiding‐center test particle simulations using the Tsyganenko‐1989c magnetic field model show that the DOB could affect a broad region of the outer radiation belt, which can penetrate inside the geosynchronous orbit atKp≥ 3, and its effects are more significant further away from the Earth, at a higherKpand for higher electron energies. Specifically, the short‐term simulation results after one electron drift show both traditional and nontraditional DOB transport of electrons, with the nontraditional DOB, caused by a third minimum of the magnetic field strength near the equator, reported here for the first time. Moreover, our results show large ballistic jumps in the second invariant and radial distance for electrons at high equatorial pitch angles after one drift. In addition, long‐term DOB transport coefficients of electrons over many drifts are calculated based on our simulation results. We find that the pitch angle and radial diffusion coefficients of electrons due to DOB could be comparable to or even larger than those caused by electron interactions with chorus and Ultra‐Low‐Frequency waves, respectively. In sum, our results demonstrate that DOB could cause effective loss and transport of radiation belt electrons even in the absence of waves.
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