Piloting the Use of Artificial Intelligence to Enhance HIV Prevention Interventions for Youth Experiencing Homelessness
Piloting the Use of Artificial Intelligence to Enhance HIV Prevention Interventions for Youth Experiencing Homelessness
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DOI：
10.1086/701439
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Wilson, Nicole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rice, Eric;Yoshioka-Maxwell, Amanda;Wilson, Nicole
目的：无家可归的青少年有感染艾滋病毒的风险，需要干预措施来预防危险的性行为。我们测试了使用人工智能（AI）选择同伴改变代理人（PCAs）在无家可归的青少年中传递艾滋病毒预防信息的可行性。方法：采用前测后测准实验设计。在AI条件下（n = 62），通过AI算法选择11个pca；在人气比较（n = 55）中，6个月后根据最大度中心性（与网络中其他人的联系最多）选择了11个pca。所有的公共护理人员都接受了培训，以促进他们的同龄人进行艾滋病毒检测和使用避孕套。参与者是加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的一个收容中心的客户。通过自我管理的基于计算机的调查，在基线（n = 117）、1个月（n = 86, 74%）和3个月（n = 70, 60%）对HIV检测和安全套使用情况进行评估。结果：在3个月时，与对照组相比，AI患者的HIV检测率增加了（18.8%比8.1%），肛交时使用避孕套（12.1%比3.3%）和阴道性交时使用避孕套（29.2%比23.7%）。结论：人工智能增强PCA干预是一种可行的方法，使无家可归的青少年参与艾滋病毒预防。
Objective: Youth experiencing homelessness are at risk for HIV and need interventions to prevent risky sex behaviors. We tested the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) to select peer change agents (PCAs) to deliver HIV prevention messages among youth experiencing homelessness. Method: We used a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. In the AI condition (n = 62), 11 PCAs were selected via AI algorithm; in the popularity comparison (n = 55), 11 PCAs were selected 6 months later based on maximum degree centrality (most ties to others in the network). All PCAs were trained to promote HIV testing and condom use among their peers. Participants were clients at a drop-in center in Los Angeles, CA. HIV testing and condom use were assessed via a self-administered, computer-based survey at baseline (n = 117), 1 month (n = 86, 74%), and 3 months (n = 70, 60%). Results: At 3 months, rates of HIV testing increased among participants in the AI condition relative to the comparison group (18.8% vs. 8.1%), as did condom use during anal sex (12.1% vs. 3.3%) and vaginal sex (29.2% vs. 23.7%). Conclusions: AI-enhanced PCA intervention is a feasible method for engaging youth experiencing homelessness in HIV prevention.