Behavior Matters
Behavior Matters
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.031
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Ockene, Judith K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fisher, Edwin B.;Fitzgibbon, Marian L.;Ockene, Judith K.
行为在健康中具有广泛和核心的作用。行为干预可以有效地用于预防疾病，改善现有疾病的管理，提高生活质量，降低医疗费用。本文总结了这些结论在心血管疾病/糖尿病、癌症和艾滋病毒/艾滋病中的证据，以及关键风险因素：吸烟、不良饮食、缺乏身体活动和过度饮酒。对于每一个，文件是由（1）行为和社会环境因素对遗传和其他基本生物学影响的调节;（2）行为对健康的影响;（3）预防行为干预的成功;（4）疾病管理;（5）生活质量;（6）通过行为健康促进计划改善人群健康。有证据表明，行为干预的成本效益和价值，特别是相对于其他公共卫生服务，以及它们在生活质量方面增加的价值。与临床医生及其患者以及卫生政策和人口健康相关，行为干预的益处超出了对特定疾病或风险因素的影响。相反，它们包括对预防、疾病管理和整个生命周期的福祉的广泛影响和益处。在传播研究的优先事项中，行为方法的应用受到各种障碍的挑战，包括与健康差距有关的社会经济障碍。然而，包括那些强调社区和社会影响的行为方法似乎有助于应对这些挑战。总而言之，行为方法应该在21世纪的预防和医疗保健中占据核心地位。(Am J Prev Med 2011; 40（5）：e15-e30）（C）2011年美国预防医学杂志
Behavior has a broad and central role in health. Behavioral interventions can be effectively used to prevent disease, improve management of existing disease, increase quality of life, and reduce healthcare costs. A summary is presented of evidence for these conclusions in cardiovascular disease/diabetes, cancer, and HIV/AIDS as well as with key risk factors: tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol consumption. For each, documentation is made of (1) moderation of genetic and other fundamental biological influences by behaviors and social-environmental factors; (2) impacts of behaviors on health; (3) success of behavioral interventions in prevention; (4) disease management; (5) quality of life, and (6) improvements in the health of populations through behavioral health promotion programs. Evidence indicates the cost effectiveness and value of behavioral interventions, especially relative to other common health services as well as the value they add in terms of quality of life. Pertinent to clinicians and their patients as well as to health policy and population health, the benefits of behavioral interventions extend beyond impacts on a particular disease or risk factor. Rather, they include broad effects and benefits on prevention, disease management, and well-being across the life span. Among priorities for dissemination research, the application of behavioral approaches is challenged by diverse barriers, including socioeconomic barriers linked to health disparities. However, behavioral approaches including those emphasizing community and social influences appear to be useful in addressing such challenges. In sum, behavioral approaches should have a central place in prevention and health care of the 21st century. (Am J Prev Med 2011; 40(5): e15-e30) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine