Global Aid in the Water Sector: A Descriptive Analysis of International Development Effectiveness
Global Aid in the Water Sector: A Descriptive Analysis of International Development Effectiveness
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水领域的全球援助：国际发展有效性的描述性分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Andrew Hargrove
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andrew Hargrove
本研究通过对供水和卫生部门42 000多个援助项目的内容/趋势分析，分析了国际发展援助的意图和效力。水部门是充满内部矛盾的国际发展中一个至关重要但研究不足的组成部分。一方面，在全球范围内，获得水的机会正在迅速增加，但仍有7亿多人无法获得改善的水。另一方面，人均可再生淡水资源正在迅速减少，每年的淡水提取量正在稳步增加。这些同时存在的问题导致水资源紧张和淡水可持续性下降，进而影响全球政治、生态和健康问题。为了解决这些问题，各国政府和多国援助机构自1950年以来一直向供水和卫生部门提供贷款。本研究评估了过去65年来国际援助在解决全球水和发展问题方面的意图和有效性。研究结果对国家和组织援助的发展效率有影响，并呼吁社会科学家在发展的所有部门同时调查福祉和环境影响。
This study analyzes the intent and effectiveness of international development aid through a content/trend analysis of over 42,000 aid projects in the water supply and sanitation sector. The water sector is a vital and understudied component of international development that is rife with internal contradictions. On the one hand, access to water is rapidly increasing cross-nationally, but over 700 million still lack improved access to water. On the other hand, renewable freshwater resources per capita are rapidly decreasing, and annual freshwater withdrawals are steadily increasing. These concurrent issues lead to water stress and decreased freshwater sustainability, which in turn affects global political, ecological, and health issues. To address these issues, national governments and multinational aid agencies have been lending to the water supply and sanitation sector since 1950. This study assesses the trends in international aid over the past 65 years for their intent and effectiveness in solving global water and development issues. The results have implications for the development effectiveness of nations’ and organizations’ aid and calls for social scientists to investigate well-being and environmental impacts simultaneously in all sectors of development.