The Resilience Portfolio Model: Understanding Healthy Adaptation in Victims of Violence
The Resilience Portfolio Model: Understanding Healthy Adaptation in Victims of Violence
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DOI：
10.1037/a0039671
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Banyard, Victoria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grych, John;Hamby, Sherry;Banyard, Victoria
目的：暴露于各种形式的人际暴力与儿童和成人的各种心理问题有关。然而，许多遭受暴力的人并没有出现精神病理学症状。对暴力受害者复原力的研究已经确定了与健康结果相关的保护因素，但在了解遭受暴力的个人如何适应甚至茁壮成长方面存在一些限制。本文通过引入一个概念框架来解决这些局限性，该框架整合了关于复原力、积极心理学、创伤后成长以及压力和应对的理论和研究的见解。方法：复原力组合模型是一个基于优势的框架，旨在全面了解促进遭受暴力的儿童和成人复原力的保护因素和过程。它提出，密度和多样性的资源和资产提供给个人（他们的弹性组合）塑造他们对暴力的反应，并确定了3个高阶功能类别的优势，提出了特别突出的弹性：监管，人际关系和意义的优势。结论：复原力组合模型为研究暴力受害者的复原力提供了新的方向，并确定了在预防和干预工作中需要解决的更广泛的优势和保护因素。
Objective: Exposure to diverse forms of interpersonal violence is associated with a wide range of psychological problems in children and adults. However, many people who experience violence do not develop symptoms of psychopathology. Studies of resilience in victims of violence have identified protective factors associated with healthier outcomes but have a number of limitations for understanding how individuals exposed to violence adapt and even thrive. The present article addresses these limitations by introducing a conceptual framework that integrates insights from theory and research on resilience, positive psychology, posttraumatic growth, and stress and coping. Approach: The Resilience Portfolio Model is a strengths-based framework designed to provide a holistic understanding of the protective factors and processes that promote resilience in children and adults exposed to violence. It proposes that the density and diversity of resources and assets available to individuals (their resilience portfolio) shapes their responses to violence, and identifies 3 higher-order functional categories of strengths that are proposed to be particularly salient for resilience: regulatory, interpersonal, and meaning-making strengths. Conclusion: The Resilience Portfolio Model offers new directions for studying resilience in victims of violence and identifies a wider range of strengths and protective factors to address in prevention and intervention efforts.