Histochemical and electron microscopic analysis of spiculogenesis in the demosponge Suberites domuncula
Histochemical and electron microscopic analysis of spiculogenesis in the demosponge Suberites domuncula
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DOI：
10.1369/jhc.5a6903.2006
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Mueller, Werner E. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckert, Carsten;Schroeder, Heinz C.;Mueller, Werner E. G.
海绵动物的骨架是由生物硅组成的针状体构成的。使用的原形系统从Suberites domuncula，我们表明，silicatein，生物硅合成酶，和硅酶，分解代谢酶，共定位在生长骨针的表面，以及在轴向丝位于轴向管道。据推测，这两种酶负责生物二氧化硅的沉积。在寻找其他潜在的结构分子，可能会引导矿化过程中的骨针，物种特异性骨针，电子显微镜研究与抗体半乳糖凝集素和silicatein进行。这些研究表明，silicatein与半乳糖凝集素形成复合物;该复合物的串/束与针状体的表面密切相关，并围绕针状体同心排列。胶原纤维靠近硅乳蛋白/半乳凝素复合物。由silicatein/galectin形成的串/束显示出比在骨针周围以高度有序的模式排列的胶原纤维更低的取向度。这些数据表明，物种特异性骨针的形成涉及控制酶促二氧化硅沉积的（可扩散）调节因子的网络;这种矿化过程在半乳糖凝集素/胶原蛋白有机基质上进行。
The skeleton of demosponges is built of spicules consisting of biosilica. Using the primmorph system from Suberites domuncula, we demonstrate that silicatein, the biosilica-synthesizing enzyme, and silicase, the catabolic enzyme, are colocalized at the surface of growing spicules as well as in the axial filament located in the axial canal. It is assumed that these two enzymes are responsible for the deposition of biosilica. In search of additional potential structural molecules that might guide the mineralization process during spiculogenesis to species-specific spicules, electron microscopic studies with antibodies against galectin and silicatein were performed. These studies showed that silicatein forms a complex with galectin; the strings/bundles of this complex are intimately associated with the surface of the spicules and arranged concentrically around them. Collagen fibers are near the silactein/galectin complexes. The strings/bundles formed from silicatein/galectin display a lower degree of orientation than the collagen fibers arranged in a highly ordered pattern around the spicules. These data indicate that species-specific formation of spicules involves a network of (diffusible) regulatory factor(s) controlling enzymatic silica deposition; this mineralization process proceeds on a galectin/collagen organic matrix.