Molecular control of gut formation in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum
Molecular control of gut formation in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum
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DOI：
10.1002/dvg.23033
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
da Fonseca, Rodrigo Nunes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feitosa, Natalia Martins;Pechmann, Matthias;da Fonseca, Rodrigo Nunes
消化系统的发育是两侧对称动物的基本特征。节肢动物肠道形成的分子控制研究已经在果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）中进行了详细研究。然而，对其他节肢动物，特别是非昆虫节肢动物知之甚少。为了更好地了解节肢动物消化系统的进化，我们调查了寄生虫tepidariorum（Pt），主要的螯形动物的模式物种发育研究的肠道发育的分子控制。外胚层基因Pt-wingless（Pt-wg）和Pt-hedgehog（Pt-hh）、内胚层基因Pt-srp和Pt-hnf 4以及中胚层基因Pt-twist（Pt-twi）的直系同源物在蜘蛛肠发育过程中与D.黑腹菌因此，我们的表达数据表明，参与肠道发育的节肢动物的下游分子组分是保守的。然而，Pt-fkh在蜘蛛中的表达和功能与D.黑腹菌直系同源物Pt-fkh在原肠胚形成之前在细胞群中表达，该细胞群产生内胚层和中胚层前体，这表明该因子在两个胚层的规格中可能起作用。为了验证这一假设，我们通过RNA干扰敲低了Pt-fkh。Pt-fkh RNAi胚胎不仅不能发育出合适的肠道，而且缺乏表达Pt-twi的中胚层细胞。因此，在蜘蛛Pt-fkh指定内胚层和中胚层胚层。我们讨论了这些研究结果的演变和发展的肠道形成的蜕皮动物的影响。
The development of a digestive system is an essential feature of bilaterians. Studies of the molecular control of gut formation in arthropods have been studied in detail in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. However, little is known in other arthropods, especially in noninsect arthropods. To better understand the evolution of arthropod alimentary system, we investigate the molecular control of gut development in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum (Pt), the primary chelicerate model species for developmental studies. Orthologs of the ectodermal genes Pt-wingless (Pt-wg) and Pt-hedgehog (Pt-hh), of the endodermal genes, Pt-serpent (Pt-srp) and Pt-hepatocyte-nuclear factor-4 (Pt-hnf4) and of the mesodermal gene Pt-twist (Pt-twi) are expressed in the same germ layers during spider gut development as in D. melanogaster. Thus, our expression data suggest that the downstream molecular components involved in gut development in arthropods are conserved. However, Pt-forkhead (Pt-fkh) expression and function in spiders is considerably different from its D. melanogaster ortholog. Pt-fkh is expressed before gastrulation in a cell population that gives rise to endodermal and mesodermal precursors, suggesting a possible role for this factor in specification of both germ layers. To test this hypothesis, we knocked down Pt-fkh via RNA interference. Pt-fkh RNAi embryos not only fail to develop a proper gut, but also lack the mesodermal Pt-twi expressing cells. Thus, in spiders Pt-fkh specifies endodermal and mesodermal germ layers. We discuss the implications of these findings for the evolution and development of gut formation in Ecdysozoans.