Skill premium effects on fertility and female labor force supply
Skill premium effects on fertility and female labor force supply
复制标题
技能溢价对生育率和女性劳动力供给的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00148-003-0150-5
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
A. Iza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dolores Ferrero Martínez;A. Iza
摘要：在过去的二十年里，美国女性劳动力供应与总生育率之间存在着正相关关系，这与前几年观察到的模式不同。我们构建了一个一般均衡的世代重叠模型，能够产生生育率和女性劳动力供给之间的这种变化关系。我们认为，近几十年来，技能偏向的技术变革增加了技能溢价，因此降低了(非技能)托儿服务的相对成本。女性平均工资的增加对生育率的积极影响，以及托儿服务相对成本的降低提供的劳动力参与的诱因，在过去20年中产生了生育率与女性劳动力参与率之间的正向关系。
Abstract.In the last twenty years the United States has seen a positive relationship between female labor supply and total fertility rates, which differs from the pattern observed over the preceding years. We construct a general equilibrium overlapping generations model capable of generating this changing relationship between fertility and female labor supply. We argue that skilled biased technological change in recent decades has increased the skill premium and has therefore decreased the relative cost of (unskilled) child care services. The positive effect of the increase in female mean wages on fertility rates, and the inducement for labor force participation provided by the reduction in the relative cost of child care services, generated the positive relationship between fertility rates and female labor force participation in the last two decades.