Maternal Socialization is Associated with Prosocial Behavior in At-Risk Young Children.
Maternal Socialization is Associated with Prosocial Behavior in At-Risk Young Children.
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DOI：
10.1080/17450128.2020.1861399
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Briggs-Gowan MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greene CA;Wesley AL;McCarthy KJ;Anderson EL;Wakschlag LS;Briggs-Gowan MJ
亲社会行为是幼儿社会能力发展的重要组成部分。本研究考察了两种类型的母亲社会化对幼儿亲社会行为的影响：情绪表达(定义为母亲表现出积极和消极的情感)和对亲社会反应的直接指导，并探讨了这些社会化行为与母亲自身心理社会风险史的关系。在儿童处于学龄前年龄时，对来自美国的80个具有高暴力风险的母子二人的种族和社会经济多样性样本进行了评估。所有母亲的情绪社会化行为均采用直接观察法进行评估。样本包括40名有童年创伤史的母亲和40名没有童年创伤史的母亲，这些母亲在人口统计特征上是匹配的。结果表明，有童年创伤经历的母亲比无童年创伤经历的母亲表现出更多的积极情感，但在消极情感表达和亲社会辅导行为方面没有差异。在全样本中，即使在控制了相关的人口统计和心理社会危险因素后，社会化行为也与学龄前儿童的亲社会行为有关。研究结果加强了父母社会化行为在幼儿同伴导向亲社会行为发展中的关键作用，并强调了帮助父母发展有效的社会化技能的重要性。
Prosocial behaviors are a key component of young children’s developing social competence. The current study examines the impact of two types of maternal socialization on young children’s prosocial behaviors: emotional expressiveness (defined as maternal displayed positive and negative affect) and direct coaching of prosocial responses and explores the relationship of these socialization behaviors with mothers’ own histories of psychosocial risk. An ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample from the United States of 80 mother-child dyads at high risk for violence exposure was assessed when the children were preschool age. All of the maternal emotion socialization behaviors were evaluated by direct observation. The sample included 40 mothers with a history of childhood trauma and 40 mothers without such a history, matched on demographic characteristics. Results indicated that mothers with a history of childhood trauma experiences expressed more positive affect than those without childhood trauma, but the groups did not differ in expressed negative affect or prosocial coaching behaviors. For the full sample, even after controlling for relevant demographic and psychosocial risk factors, socialization behaviors were associated with preschool children’s prosocial behavior. Findings reinforce the critical role of parental socialization behaviors in the development of young children’s peer-directed prosocial behaviors and highlight the importance of helping parents to develop effective socialization skills.