Responses to direct and indirect selection on aerial dispersal behaviour in Tetranychus urticae
Responses to direct and indirect selection on aerial dispersal behaviour in Tetranychus urticae
复制标题
二点叶螨空中传播行为直接和间接选择的响应
作者：
Jianbo Li;D. Margolies
宿主内部和宿主之间的分散是节肢动物生活史的重要组成部分。本研究旨在研究荨麻疹叶螨（Tetranychus urticae）两斑蛛螨的扩散和定植相关性状的适应性。明确螨类传播的灵活性和生活史是了解螨类对环境时空结构变化的反应的必要条件。经过8代和5代的选择，我们发现双向选择对空中传播行为有显著的直接响应。这些品系的实际遗传力（h2=0.28）与之前对基础群体的兄弟姐妹分析结果非常接近。正如兄弟姐妹分析所预测的那样，在繁殖力或性别比方面没有相关反应。所选品系之间的杂交表明，分散行为受母体的微弱影响，非分散可能是一种略微占优势的性状。螨虫对饥饿或干燥的敏感性或抵抗力是触发其行为的主要环境因素，在选择的反应中发生了变化。研究结果表明，空中传播行为的差异在很大程度上归因于对环境压力的不同敏感性或抵抗力，这种行为的遗传变异可能是通过在食物资源枯竭和食物充足时选择传播来维持的。分散行为本身虽然与生殖性状无关，但可能增加螨在时间和空间波动环境中的适应性。
Dispersal within and between hosts is an important element of arthropod life histories. This study was designed to assess adaptability of traits related to dispersal and colonization in the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Defining the flexibility of mite dispersal and life-history is necessary to understand the response of mites to changes in the spatial and temporal structure of their environment. We found significant direct response to bidirectional selection on aerial dispersal behaviour after eight and five generations of selection. The realized heritability estimated from these lines (h2=0.28) was in close agreement with that estimated in a previous sib-analysis on the base population. As predicted from the sib-analysis, there were no correlated responses in fecundity or sex ratio. Crosses between selected lines indicated that the dispersal behaviour was under weak maternal influence and that non-dispersal may be a slightly dominant trait. Mite sensitivity or resistance to starvation or desiccation, the major environmental cues triggering their behaviour, changed in response to selection. Results suggest that variation in aerial dispersal behaviour is largely attributed to different sensitivity or resistance to environmental stress and that genetic variation in this behaviour may be maintained by selection for dispersal when food resources become depleted and against when food is abundant. The dispersal behaviour itself, although not correlated with reproductive traits, may increase mite fitness in temporally and spatially fluctuating environments.
果蝇寿命延长的遗传学。
DOI：
10.1002/bies.950110505
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Rose,MR
通讯作者：
Rose,MR