The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Developing Successful Therapeutic and Secondary Prophylactic Breast Cancer Vaccines.
The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Developing Successful Therapeutic and Secondary Prophylactic Breast Cancer Vaccines.
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肿瘤微环境在开发成功的治疗性和二级预防性乳腺癌疫苗中的作用。
DOI：
10.3390/vaccines8030529
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发表时间：
2020-09-14
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Gadi VK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gordon B;Gadi VK
乳腺癌影响大约八分之一的妇女一生，是妇女癌症相关死亡的主要原因。虽然近年来预后有所改善，但对于表现为播散性疾病或侵袭性分子亚型的患者，预后仍然很差。癌症免疫疗法已经彻底改变了几种癌症的治疗，治疗性疫苗旨在指导针对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性免疫程序，显示出特别的前景。然而，这些结果尚未转化为乳腺癌，这在很大程度上仍然是这些方法的难治性。最近的证据表明，乳腺肿瘤微环境（TME）是治疗性疫苗有效性的一个重要且长期未得到充分研究的障碍。通过对复杂和生物多样性的乳腺TME的更好理解，有可能推进新的组合策略，使乳腺癌对治疗性疫苗的作用敏感。在这里，我们讨论了过去和现在的努力，以推进治疗性疫苗在乳腺癌的治疗，通过TME有助于这些方法的失败的分子机制，以及通过这些可以克服的潜在手段。
Breast cancer affects roughly one in eight women over their lifetime and is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women. While outcomes have improved in recent years, prognosis remains poor for patients who present with either disseminated disease or aggressive molecular subtypes. Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of several cancers, with therapeutic vaccines aiming to direct the cytotoxic immune program against tumor cells showing particular promise. However, these results have yet to translate to breast cancer, which remains largely refractory from such approaches. Recent evidence suggests that the breast tumor microenvironment (TME) is an important and long understudied barrier to the efficacy of therapeutic vaccines. Through an improved understanding of the complex and biologically diverse breast TME, it may be possible to advance new combination strategies to render breast carcinomas sensitive to the effects of therapeutic vaccines. Here, we discuss past and present efforts to advance therapeutic vaccines in the treatment of breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms through which the TME contributes to the failure of such approaches, as well as the potential means through which these can be overcome.
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