WHATCH'EM: A Weather-Driven Energy Balance Model for Determining Water Height and Temperature in Container Habitats for Aedes aegypti.
WHATCH'EM: A Weather-Driven Energy Balance Model for Determining Water Height and Temperature in Container Habitats for Aedes aegypti.
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WHATCHEM：用于确定埃及伊蚊容器栖息地水位和温度的天气驱动能量平衡模型。
DOI：
10.1175/ei-d-15-0048.1
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
WelshRodríguez,CarlosM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Steinhoff,DanielF;Monaghan,AndrewJ;Eisen,Lars;Barlage,MichaelJ;Hopson,ThomasM;Tarakidzwa,Isaac;Ortiz-Rosario,Karielys;Lozano-Fuentes,Saul;Hayden,MaryH;Bieringer,PaulE;WelshRodríguez,CarlosM
蚊媒Aedes（Ae.）埃及利用各种容器作为产卵和发育未成熟生命阶段的场所，但模拟气象敏感容器水动力学的方法有限。本研究介绍了集装箱栖息地水高度和温度能量模型（WHATCH'EM），这是一种基于物理的科学水平的能量平衡模型，用于计算可能作为蚊子繁殖地的集装箱中的水高度和温度。作者采用WHATCH'EM模拟集装箱水动力学在三个城市沿着气候梯度在梅西科从海平面，其中Ae。aegyptis高度丰富，~2100 m，其中Ae.当与2013年夏季期间在这些城市中的两个城市进行的为期1个月的实地实验的测量结果进行比较时，WHATCH'EM真实地模拟了各种容器的水温的日平均值和范围。为了检查整个季节的集装箱动态，WHATCH'EM还使用了2011年5月至9月的现场气象数据，并对三种常见的集装箱类型进行了评估。WHATCH'EM模拟高度非线性的方式，其中空气温度，湿度，降雨量，云和容器特性（形状，大小和颜色）决定水温和高度。阳光照射，由云层和附近物体的阴影调制，起着一级作用。一般来说，对于更大、更暗、接收更多阳光的容器，模拟水温更高。WHATCH'EM模拟将有助于理解限制Ae扩散的气象和容器相关因素。埃及可能是有用的通知天气驱动的早期预警系统的病毒传播的Ae。埃及人。
The mosquito virus vectorAedes(Ae.)aegyptiexploits a wide range of containers as sites for egg laying and development of the immature life stages, yet the approaches for modeling meteorologically sensitive container water dynamics have been limited. This study introduces the Water Height and Temperature in Container Habitats Energy Model (WHATCH’EM), a state-of-the-science, physically based energy balance model of water height and temperature in containers that may serve as development sites for mosquitoes. The authors employ WHATCH’EM to model container water dynamics in three cities along a climatic gradient in México ranging from sea level, whereAe. aegyptiis highly abundant, to ~2100 m, whereAe. aegyptiis rarely found. When compared with measurements from a 1-month field experiment in two of these cities during summer 2013, WHATCH’EM realistically simulates the daily mean and range of water temperature for a variety of containers. To examine container dynamics for an entire season, WHATCH’EM is also driven with field-derived meteorological data from May to September 2011 and evaluated for three commonly encountered container types. WHATCH’EM simulates the highly nonlinear manner in which air temperature, humidity, rainfall, clouds, and container characteristics (shape, size, and color) determine water temperature and height. Sunlight exposure, modulated by clouds and shading from nearby objects, plays a first-order role. In general, simulated water temperatures are higher for containers that are larger, darker, and receive more sunlight. WHATCH’EM simulations will be helpful in understanding the limiting meteorological and container-related factors for proliferation ofAe. aegyptiand may be useful for informing weather-driven early warning systems for viruses transmitted byAe. aegypti.