Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure
Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00599
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发表时间：
2020-06-30
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Bagdy, Gyorgy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonda, Xenia;Eszlari, Nora;Bagdy, Gyorgy
背景资料：缺乏对生物和环境因素之间相互作用的适当考虑限制了我们对抑郁症发展的理解。我们的横断面研究调查最近的压力是否影响情绪气质对抑郁symptoms.Methods的效果：1015一般人群参与者完成了简短的症状清单，以捕捉抑郁症状，威胁的经验问卷调查表，以评估最近的压力，和气质评价的孟菲斯比萨，巴黎，和圣地亚哥自动问卷，以评估情感气质（TEMPS-A）。建立线性回归模型，探讨气质和压力对抑郁的影响，气质对压力，以及气质对抑郁症状的影响，在不同的压力暴露groups.Results：最近的生活事件和焦虑，抑郁，循环性情绪，情绪激动的气质显着预测抑郁症状，循环性情绪，情绪激动的气质显着预测最近的生活事件暴露。而在轻度压力的情况下，所有的情感气质，除了易怒的预测抑郁症，在中度暴露的情况下，只有抑郁，循环型，和hyperthymic气质的影响，而在高暴露组只有焦虑气质的影响是显着的。这是一项具有相关性的横断面研究，不允许得出因果关系结论。结论：与压力相比，情感气质对抑郁症的贡献要高得多，生活事件的严重程度会影响情感气质对抑郁症状的影响，指出情绪反应的不同途径介导了压力对抑郁症的影响，这可以用于预防和治疗。
Background: Lack of proper consideration of the interaction between biological and environmental factors limits our understanding of the development of depression. Our cross-sectional study investigated whether recent stress influences the effect of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms.Methods: 1015 general population participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory to capture depressive symptoms, the List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire to assess recent stressors, and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire to evaluate affective temperaments (TEMPS-A). Linear regression models were built to investigate the effect of temperament and stress on depression, temperament on stress, and the effect of temperament on depressive symptoms in different stress exposure groups.Results: Recent life events and anxious, depressive, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments significantly predicted depressive symptoms, and cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments significantly predicted recent life event exposure. While in case of mild stress all affective temperaments except irritable predicted depression, in case of moderate exposure only the effect of depressive, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperament, while in the high exposure group only the effect of anxious temperament was significant.Limitations: All measures were based on self-report, and subjective impact of life events was not considered. This was a cross-sectional study with a correlational nature which does not allow for causative conclusions.Conclusions: The contribution of affective temperaments to depression is much higher compared to stress, and severity of exposure to life events influences the impact of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms, pointing to divergent pathways of emotional reactivity mediating the effects of stress on depression which can be exploited for prevention and treatment.