The safety of Bacillus thuringiensis to mammals investigated by oral and subcutaneous dosage
The safety of Bacillus thuringiensis to mammals investigated by oral and subcutaneous dosage
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1008983818692
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Perani, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bishop, AH;Johnson, C;Perani, M
使用两种市售试剂盒测试了六株苏云金杆菌菌株产生蜡样芽孢杆菌型肠毒素的能力，并通过双翅目生物测定法测试了其产生β-外毒素的能力。所有菌株均为肠毒素产生阳性，其中包括三种已在世界范围内使用多年以控制害虫的菌株。大鼠在三周内经口给予总计1 × 10（12）个孢子（+晶体），或单次皮下给予1 × 10（6）个孢子（+晶体），在其状况或内脏病理学方面均未显示不良反应：尽管存在B菌株。苏云金杆菌（13 B）是β-外毒素和肠毒素的活性生产者。含有B的商业杀虫剂。将苏云金杆菌喷洒到菠菜叶上。在正常的食物制备制度后，一些叶子保留了足够的残余孢子负荷，足以使强肠毒性菌株引起人类食物中毒。这些发现表明，农业上使用一些以前未经验证的B菌株。苏云金杆菌可引致食物中毒，而啮齿类动物并不适合用作测试人类经口接触该菌的安全性。
Six strains of Bacillus thuringiensis were tested with two commercially available kits for their ability to produce Bacillus cereus-type enterotoxin and by dipteran bioassay for the production of beta-exotoxin. All of the strains were positive for enterotoxin production including three which have been used world-wide for many years to control pest insects. Rats given oral doses totalling 1 x 10(12) spores ( +crystals), over three weeks, or a single subcutaneous dose of 1 x 10(6) spores ( +crystals) showed no ill-effects in terms of their condition or in the pathology of their internal organs: this was in spite of the strain of B. thuringiensis used (13B) being an active producer of both beta-exotoxin and enterotoxin. A commercial insecticide containing B. thuringiensis was sprayed onto spinach leaves. After normal food preparation regimes some leaves retained residual spore loads sufficient for a strongly enterotoxic strain to cause food poisoning in humans. These findings suggest that the agricultural use of some, previously unvalidated, strains of B. thuringiensis could give rise to cases of food poisoning and that rodents are unsuitable for testing the safety to humans of oral exposure to this organism.