Functional morphology of the pecten oculi in the nocturnal spotted eagle owl (Bubo bubo africanus), and the diurnal black kite (Milvus migrans) and domestic fowl (Gallus gallus var. domesticus):: a comparative study
Functional morphology of the pecten oculi in the nocturnal spotted eagle owl (Bubo bubo africanus), and the diurnal black kite (Milvus migrans) and domestic fowl (Gallus gallus var. domesticus):: a comparative study
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DOI：
10.1017/s0952836901001029
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发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Weyrauch, KD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kiama, SG;Maina, JN;Weyrauch, KD
眼梳是一个高度血管化和色素沉着的器官，覆盖在视盘上，并在鸟类眼中突出到玻璃体中。早在300多年前就有报道，它的功能仍然是鸟类学家，眼科学家和解剖学家的一个谜。这个独特的器官的形态测量研究进行了鸟类表现出明显不同的视觉敏锐度，即两种昼夜鸟类（地面居住的家禽原鸡变种。黑鸢（Milvus migrans）和一种夜间活动的鸟（斑雕猫头鹰Bubo bubo africanus）。猫头鹰眼睛的体积分别是鸟类和风筝的4.8倍和2.2倍。然而，与风筝（12-13）和猫头鹰（5-6）相比，家禽的胸鳍由更多的褶（16-18）组成。结果表明，鸢的栉孔体积分别是家禽和猫头鹰的1.4倍和2.7倍（P < 0.05）。同样地，鸢的胸鳍面积分别是家禽和猫头鹰的2.6倍和4倍（P < 0.05）。风筝、家禽和猫头鹰的胸鳍中血管（腔和壁）的体积密度分别为67.7%、66.9%和62.6%，其余为色素组织。白天活动的鸟类（鸢、鸡）的体密度和血容量均显著高于猫头鹰（P < 0.05）。毛细血管腔表面积分别是鸡和猫头鹰的1.7倍和5.3倍（P < 0.05）。这些结果表明，果胶的功能形态与鸟类的生活方式和功能需求相关，并进一步支持果胶的营养作用。
The pecten oculi is a highly vascularized and pigmented organ that overlies the optic disc and projects into the vitreous body in the avian eye. First reported over 300 years ago, its function(s) remains a puzzle to ornithologists, ophthalmologists and anatomists. Morphometric study of this unique organ was undertaken in birds exhibiting apparently different visual acuities, namely two species of diurnal birds (the ground-dwelling domestic fowl Gallus gallus var. domesticus and a highly active predator bird, the black kite (Milvus migrans) and a nocturnal bird (the spotted-eagle owl Bubo bubo africanus). The volume of the owl's eye was 4.8 and 2.2 times larger than that of the fowl and the kite, respectively. However, the pecten of the fowl consisted of more pleats (16-18) compared to the kite (12-13) and the owl (5-6). The volume of the pecten of the kite was 1.4 and 2.7 times larger than that of the fowl and the owl, respectively (P < 0.05). Similarly, the surface area of the pecten of the kite was 2.6 and 4 times larger than that of the fowl and owl, respectively (P < 0.05). The volume density of blood vessels (lumen and wall) in the pecten of the kite, fowl and owl comprised 67.7%, 66.9% and 62.6%, respectively, the pigmented tissue constituting the rest. Both the volume density and the volume of the blood in the pecten were higher in the diurnal birds (kite, fowl) than the owl (P < 0.05). The surface area of the capillary luminal surface was 1.7 and 5.3 times higher in the kite than in the fowl and the owl, respectively (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the functional morphology of the pecten correlates with the life-style of the bird and with functional need, and lends further support to the nutritive role of the pecten.