ETIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS CARP DROPSY
ETIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS CARP DROPSY
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传染性鲤鱼滴水的病因
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb14304.x
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发表时间：
1965
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
W. Schäperclaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Schäperclaus
鲤鱼传染性水肿的病因仍然是一个有争议的问题，当然还没有完全弄清楚。尽管如此，我认为，大多数深入研究传染性水肿的科学家已经确信这种疾病的传染性。事实上，对于池塘中，特别是在不受管制的自然沃茨中的突然大量死亡，或者对于个别鱼、个别年龄组或个别池塘的初始疾病迅速传播到一个地区的所有池塘和年龄组的事实，还能提供什么其他解释呢？如果健康的鱼被放入受感染的池塘，它们很快就会成为疾病的受害者。因此，争论的焦点仍然是：就传染病可以主要由一个单一因素引起而言，鲤鱼水肿是细菌性疾病还是病毒性疾病？Otte（1963）最近对流行的各种理论进行了有趣的回顾，在我1929年发表的第一篇关于传染性水肿的文章中，我认为这种疾病是一种不复杂的菌血症，理由如下：（1）点状气单胞菌在病鱼中大量存在。(2)A. punctata在通过注射感染的健康鱼（包括那些位于没有水肿的湖泊中的鱼）中引起典型的疾病。感染性水肿的主要症状包括水肿、溃疡和继发畸形。
The etiology of infectious dropsy in carp still remains a matter of controversy and certainly is not cleared up in all its details. Nevertheless, I am of the opinion that the majority of scientists dealing intensively with infectious dropsy have become convinced of the infectious character of this disease. Indeed, what other explanation can be offered for the sudden mass mortalities in ponds and, particularly, in unregulated natural waters; or for the fact that initial diseases of individual fish, of individual age groups or individual ponds, are quickly transmitted to all the ponds and age groups of a district? If healthy fish are placed into infected ponds, they quickly fall victims to the disease. The main point at issue therefore remains: Is dropsy of carp a bacterial or a viral disease as far as an infectious disease can be primarily induced by one single factor at all? Otte (1963) has recently offered an interesting review of the various prevailing theories.In my first publication on infectious dropsy, in 1929, I considered the disease an uncomplicated bacteriemia for the following reasons:(1) Aeromonus punctata was present in large numbers in diseased fish.(2) A. punctata caused typical disease in healthy fish (including those located in lakes without dropsy) that were infected by injection. The important symptoms of infectious dropsy included dropsy, ulcerations, and secondary deformities.