Fog geoengineering to abate local ozone pollution at ground level by enhancing air moisture
Fog geoengineering to abate local ozone pollution at ground level by enhancing air moisture
复制标题
雾地球工程通过提高空气湿度来减轻地面局部臭氧污染
DOI：
10.1007/s10311-018-0809-5
复制
发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
15.7
通讯作者：
Yu, Shaocai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yu, Shaocai
长期以来，全球城市和工业地区地面臭氧（O3）浓度高一直是一个主要的空气污染问题，特别是在白天，因为阳光会诱导臭氧的光化学产生。在回顾了城市和工业区清洁O3污染的实际技术之后，我提出了一个雾地球工程方案，通过向大气中喷洒水雾来增强局部环境湿度，从而减轻地面臭氧污染。这个方案是基于我的结果，表明臭氧水平随空气相对湿度下降。例如，在2017年5月至10月的“臭氧季”期间，当相对湿度从低于40%增加到超过80%时，杭州市中午（11：00-16：00）无降水时，平均O3浓度从70.0下降到21.2 ppbv。雾地球工程的机理是：大气水分通过降低气温、减少过氧自由基化学放大剂（HO 2、RO 2和RC（O）O2）的链长、增加颗粒水减少NO2的链长来抑制O3的生成，并通过催化O3破坏循环被水汽光化学破坏。通过雾地球工程减缓臭氧具有几个优点，例如是一个类似自然的过程，快速响应，技术可行性，有效性，相对较低的成本和冷却效果。建议的雾地球工程，以减少当地的O3在地面水平可能是潜在的途径，解决严重的O3污染在炎热的夏季在全球大城市的预期。
High concentrations of ozone (O3) at ground level in urban and industrial regions worldwide have long been a major air pollution issue, notably during daytime because sunlights induce the photochemical production of ozone. After a review of actual techniques to clean O3pollution in urban and industrial regions, I present a fog geoengineering scheme for abating ozone pollution at ground level by enhancing ambient moisture locally through spraying water mist into the atmosphere. This scheme is based on my results showing that ozone levels decrease with air relative humidity. For instance, the mean O3concentrations decrease from 70.0 to 21.2 ppbv when relative humidity increases from below 40% to more than 80%, in Hangzhou city at midday times (11:00–16:00) without precipitation, during the “ozone season” from May to October of 2017. The mechanism of fog geoengineering is that atmosphere moisture inhibits O3formation by lowering air temperature, decreasing the chain length of peroxy radical chemical amplifiers (HO2, RO2, and RC(O)O2), and decreasing the chain length of NO2by enhancing particle water, and destroys the existing O3photo-chemically by water vapor through catalytic O3destruction cycle. Ozone mitigation by fog geoengineering has several advantages such as being a nature-like process, quick response, technological feasibility, efficacy, relatively low cost, and cooling effects. The proposed fog geoengineering to decrease the local O3at ground level could potentially be on avenue for addressing heavy O3pollution during the hot summer in megacities globally as expected.