An Affective Cognitive Neuroscience-Based Approach to PTSD Psychotherapy: The TARGET Model
An Affective Cognitive Neuroscience-Based Approach to PTSD Psychotherapy: The TARGET Model
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DOI：
10.1891/0889-8391.29.1.68
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Ford, Julian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ford, Julian
对于创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的认知心理疗法的适应或替代版本是必要的，因为即使是最有效的PTSD认知或认知行为心理疗法也不能为大多数接受者保留或实现持续的临床显著益处。回顾认知情感神经科学的研究表明，它不仅是记忆（或记忆）的创伤性事件和相关的核心信念，自我，世界和关系，改变了创伤后应激障碍，但也记忆（和情感信息）处理。描述了一种认知心理治疗，其目的是系统地明确这些否则隐式创伤相关的认知情绪调节的变化及其应用程序的复杂变量的PTSD创伤情绪调节的治疗：教育和治疗指南（目标）。TARGET为治疗师和客户提供了（a）大脑中与压力相关的认知处理的基于神经生物学信息的力量的元模型，以及这是如何被PTSD改变的，以及（B）用于恢复执行功能的实用算法，所述执行功能是使内隐创伤相关认知明确所必需的（即，经验意识）和可修改的（即，重新聚焦）。随机临床试验研究的结果和准实验有效性评估的目标与青少年和成人进行审查。
Adaptations or alternative versions of cognitive psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are needed because even the most efficacious cognitive or cognitive-behavioral psychotherapies for PTSD do not retain or achieve sustained clinically significant benefits for a majority of recipients. Cognitive affective neuroscience research is reviewed which suggests that it is not just memory (or memories) of traumatic events and related core beliefs about self, the world, and relationships that are altered in PTSD but also memory (and affective information) processing. A cognitive psychotherapy is described that was designed to systematically make explicit these otherwise implicit trauma-related alterations in cognitive emotion regulation and its application to the treatment of complex variants of PTSD-Trauma Affect Regulation: Guide for Education and Therapy (TARGET). TARGET provides therapists and clients with (a) a neurobiologically informed strengths-based meta-model of stress-related cognitive processing in the brain and how this is altered by PTSD and (b) a practical algorithm for restoring the executive functions that are necessary to make implicit trauma-related cognitions explicit (i.e., experiential awareness) and modifiable (i.e., planful refocusing). Results of randomized clinical trial studies and quasi-experimental effectiveness evaluations of TARGET with adolescents and adults are reviewed.