Deubiquitinating enzymes in oocyte maturation, fertilization and preimplantation embryo development.
Deubiquitinating enzymes in oocyte maturation, fertilization and preimplantation embryo development.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-0817-2_5
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Mtango;K. Latham;P. Sutovsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Mtango;K. Latham;P. Sutovsky
泛素和泛素样蛋白修饰剂对细胞蛋白的翻译后修饰是重要的调节事件，涉及配子和胚胎生理学的各个方面，包括卵母细胞成熟、受精和胚胎发育。去泛素化酶 (DUB) 通过逆转泛素化来调节蛋白水解，泛素化将蛋白质靶向 26S 蛋白酶体。泛素 C 末端水解酶 (UCH) 包含 DUB，在去除多泛素链中发挥作用。我们在此回顾了 UCH 在小鼠、牛、猪和恒河猴卵母细胞成熟、受精和发育中的作用。卵母细胞 UCH 通过调节卵母细胞和卵裂球皮层以及卵母细胞纺锤体的生理机能有助于受精和胚胎发生。胚胎中缺乏 UCH 会减少受精，而突变胚胎则无法进行压缩和囊胚形成。除了增进我们对生殖过程的理解之外，对去泛素化酶作用的研究将使我们能够更好地理解和治疗人类不育症，并优化农业上重要的牲畜物种的生殖性能。
Post-translational modifications of cellular proteins by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like protein modifiers are important regulatory events involved in diverse aspects of gamete and embryo physiology including oocyte maturation, fertilization and development of embryos to term. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) regulate proteolysis by reversing ubiquitination, which targets proteins to the 26S proteasome. The ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases (UCHs) comprise are DUBs that play a role in the removal of multi-ubiquitin chains. We review here the roles of UCHs in oocytes maturation, fertilization and development in mouse, bovine, porcine and rhesus monkeys. Oocyte UCHs contributes to fertilization and embryogenesis by regulating the physiology of the oocyte and blastomere cortex as well as oocyte spindle. Lack of UCHs in embryos reduces fertilization, while mutant embryos fail to undergo compaction and blastocyst formation. In addition to advancing our understanding of reproductive process, research on the role of deubiquitinating enzymes will allow us to better understand and treat human infertility, and to optimize reproductive performance in agriculturally important livestock species.